[ ,6z ] 



ENGLAND. 



The moft confiderable coal-mines in England are found in the 

 counties of Northumberland and Durham on the eaft, and thofe 

 of Lancafhire and Cumberland on the weft ; they feem to extend 

 acrofs the kingdom, or at leaft to the mountains of Cumberland 

 and Weftmoreland. On the eaftern coaft, towards Newcaftle, 

 the land gently defcends towards the fea, but is here and there 

 interfered with deep vallies, in the declivities of which the coaly 

 ftrata appear to have been firft difcovered. The ftrata here lie in 

 the following order * : 



Fathoms. Feet. 



1. Mould or clay - - - - 4 — 



2. Brown ferruginous clay and mica - 3 — » 



3. Whitifli fandftone, intermixed with mica - 4 — 



4. Bituminous clay, mixed with pyrites and mica 8 — ' 



5. Coal - - - _ — — .^ 



6. Stony clay, with fand and mica - 4 — 



7. Coal - _ - - - — I 



8. Martial indurated clay, mixed with mica - 8 — 



9. Bituminous clay, like No. 4. - - 4 5 



10. The principal bed of coal, - - from — 4 to 8. 



The principal bed is therefore about thirty-feven fathoms 

 deep, but other beds are found ftill lower. 



* ScWed. Abhandl. 177(5. 



Whitehaven. 



