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By the contri-vance of waggons and waggon-roads, one horfe 

 carries as much coals at once as twenty-four horfes ufed to do 

 upon their backs before this invention. 



The fourth winning or extent of coal drained was made 

 about eighty years ago, at a place called Saltom near the fea, 

 about a mile fouth weft of Whitehaven. This was a very 

 expenfive undertaking; it was, however, deemed abfolutcly ne- 

 ceffaay, as on the completion of this depended the future fuccefs 

 of this colliery. A fire engine was therefore ereded here with 

 a twelve feet boiler, a cylinder forty inches in diameter, and a 

 pump feven inches in diameter. The pumps were divided into 

 four fets or lifts, the pit being one hundred and fifty-two yards 

 in perpendicular depth. It was perceived neceflary, however, 

 a few years afterwards, to ered a fccond fleam-engine in this 

 place of the fame dimenfions as the firft, becaufe the water was 

 increafed very confiderably by finking feveral new pits. 



The fields of coal already drained by thefe two engines have 

 been explored from north to fouth about three miles, and may 

 probably be extended about three miles more when wanted. The 

 coal now drained, and ready to be wrought in the feveral work- 

 ing pits at prefent, will ferve for about twenty years, according to 

 the quantity now drawn. Pits, however, being in fome time 

 naturally exhaufted, it is thought prudent now and then to drive 

 what is called trial drifts, in order to explore the fields of coal, 

 and to find proper places where to make new pits, when the fame 

 may be wanted. 



VoL.V. Mm About 



