_ THE MAMMALS OF NEW JERSEY. 107 
winter, and the female usually remains in the den with them 
until spring. 
Bears are rapidly approaching extinction in New Jersey, being 
now, probably, found only in some of the more remote cedar 
swamps of the pine barrens. In 1902 several newspaper articles 
described the presence of a bear in Blackwater swamp, near 
Vineland, and according to Mr. Rhoads’ correspondents, they 
occurred in Manahawken swamp as late as 1890. As evidence 
of their existence at the present time, I may state that in October, 
1907, Mr. J. W. Holman of Stafford’s Forge, near West Creek, 
found tracks of an old and young bear extending for one-half 
mile along a swampy road leading up to the East Plains, some ~ 
7 miles from West Creek. 
Ursus americanus Abbott, Cook’s Geol. of N. J., 1868, p. 
755.—Beesley, Geol. Cape May Co., 1857, p. 137.—Rhoads, 
Mam. Pa. and N. J., 1903, p. 183. 
Family CANIDZ. 
WOLVES AND FoxkEs. 
This is the family of which the dog is the type. The wild 
representatives are known as wolves and foxes. ‘The former 
have long since been extinct in New Jersey, but two species of 
foxes are still found in the State. 
The animals of this family agree with the cats and differ from 
the bears in being digitigrade instead of plantigrade and in hav- 
ing only four toes on the hind feet. From the cats they differ 
in their duller, non-retractile claws, as well as in skull characters, 
and notably in habits. They are mainly terrestrial. 
Genus VuLPEs Brisson. 
True Foxes. 
Vulpes fulvus (Desmarest). 
Red Fox. 
PLATE 56. 
Length, 40 inches. Fulorus or red, grayish on the rump and 
flanks; hair of the tail black toward the end, tip of the tail whit- 
