THE FISHES OF NEW JERSEY. 113 
are confined to northern regions north of about 40° N. Some 
species, especially larger ones, are marine and anadromous, 
living and growing in the sea and entering fresh waters to spawn. 
Still others live in running brooks, entering lakes or the sea as 
occasion serves, but not habitually doing so. Others again are 
lake-fishes, approaching the shore or entering brooks in the spawn- 
ing season, at other times retiring to waters of considerable 
depth. The large size of the eggs and their lack of adhesiveness, 
with the ease by which the eggs may be impregnated, render the 
salmon and trout especially adapted for artificial culture. Sal- 
monide@ are of comparatively recent evolution and are only found 
in recent deposits. But a single species in our brooks, though 
others have been introduced. 
Genus SALVELINUS Richardson. 
e 
The Charrs. 
Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill). 
PLaAtse 8. 
Trout. Brook Trout. 
Head 356; depth 4; D. 111, 10; A. m1, 8; pores in lateral line 
110 to base of caudal and 2 more on latter; snout 3% in head; 
eye 534; maxillary 1*/,; interorbital space 334; length of de- 
pressed dorsal 17/,; of anal 1*/,; least depth of caudal peduncle 
174; caudal 1144; pectoral 114; ventral 2. Body-moderately 
elongate, oblong, moderately compressed, and not much elevated. 
Head large, not long. Snout conic. Eye small, a little superior. 
Mouth large. Maxillary reaching for more than half an eye- 
diameter beyond eye. Jaws, palatines and tongue with conic 
teeth. Vomer boat-shaped, shaft much depressed, without raised 
crest, and teeth on head of bone, none on shaft. Interorbital space 
convex. Gill-rakers 7-++ 11 short stumps. Scales very small. 
more than 200 in a lateral series. Dorsal inserted nearer tip of 
snout than base of caudal. Adipose fin small, over last anal rays. 
Anal inserted nearly midway between insertion of dorsal and 
8 MU 
