THE FISHES OF NEW JERSEY. 379 
pectoral to lower side of tail, large anteriorly. A lower series 
starts along each side of lower surface from side of disk to anal. 
Fins rounded, radii rough with small tubercles. Rayed dorsal 
posterior, a little nearer base of caudal than gill-opening in its 
insertion. Anal a little posterior in its insertion to that of rayed 
dorsal. Caudal rounded. Pectoral rounded, broad and fringed. 
Color in life translucent greenish. Length 9 inches. New Jersey. 
I have seen several examples from different points on our coast. 
It reaches a length of more than 20 inches, and is said to be rarely 
used as food. Dr. Henry C. Chapman secured an example at 
Atlantic City. 
Cyclopterus lumpus Abbott, Geol. N. J., 1868, p. 818. 
Sub-Order CRANIOMI. 
The Gurnards. 
Singular fishes of warm seas, the head always with a coat of 
mail and differing from the Parcioplite in the peculiar shoulder- 
girdle. 
Key to the families. 
a. Pectoral with 3 lowest rays detached as feelers. TRIGLIDA 
aa. Pectoral divided to base into 2 unequal parts, but with no free feelers. 
CEPHALACANTHIDA 
Family TRIGLIDZ. 
The Gurnards. 
Body elongate, usually more or less fusiform. Head exter- 
nally bony, entirely cuirassed with rough bony plates, some of 
which are armed with spines. Eyes high. Mouth terminal or 
subinferior. Premaxillaries protractile. Maxillary without sup- 
plemental bone, slipping under preorbital. Teeth very small, in 
bands in jaws, and usually on vomer and palatines. Gill-mem- 
branes free from isthmus. Gills 4, a large slit behind fourth. 
Gill-rakers various. Pseudobranchiz present. Air-vessel pres- 
ent. Pyloric cceca usually present, few in number. Body covered 
