THE FISHES OF NEW JERSEY. 3809 
It is known from our coast by Dr. Abbott’s record. Reaching 
a length of 15 inches and found attached to large-sized sharks. 
I have no New Jersey examples. 
Echeneis remora Abbott, Geol. N. J., 1868, p. 814. 
Sub-Order HETEROSOMATA. 
The Flat Fishes. 
A large group of fishes which are remarkable for their twisted 
cranium, the eyes and color on one side in the adult, while in the 
very young the two sides of the body are alike. 
Key to the families. 
a. Preopercular margin more or less distinct, not hidden by skin and scales 
of head; eyes large, well separated; mouth moderate or large; teeth 
present. PLEURONECTIDA 
aa. Preopercular margin adnate, hidden by skin and scales of head; eyes 
small, close together ; mouth very small, much twisted; teeth rudimentary 
or wanting. SOLEIDA 
Family PLEURONECTID. 
The Flounders. 
Body strongly compressed, oval, or elliptical in outline. Head 
unsymmetrical, cranium twisted. Both eyes on same side of body, 
which is horizontal in life, eyed side uppermost, and blind side 
lowermost and usually plain. In very young, bones of head 
symmetrical, 1 eye on each side, body vertical in water, mostly 
cranium becomes twisted, bringing eye over with it, eyes 
large, well separated. Mouth small or large, dentition various, 
and teeth always present. Premaxillaries protractile. No sup- 
plemental maxillary. Preopercle with its margin usually distinct, 
not wholly adnate or hidden by skin of head. Gills 4, a slit 
_ behind fourth. Pseudobranchiez present. Lower pharyngeals 
separate. No air-vessel. Viscera confined to anterior part of 
body. Vent not far behind head. Scales various, rarely absent. 
Mostly cranium becomes twisted, bringing eye over with it. Eyes 
