J78  REPORTION NEW JEROEYe St ATE MUSH Um 
about the latter. About the headwaters of some streams they 
are even more abundant, and sometimes one may there have the 
opportunity of examining multitudes of living examples. So 
abundant are they in some localities that as many as 4 or 5 
will frequently occur under a single small stone. Where brooks 
are swift, cold and sinking out of sight in some places, to appear 
again in others, very favorable habitats are secured in the com- 
paratively damp intercourses which are only flooded in time 
of heavy rains. They prefer shallow streams which are rapid, 
and not the stiller or deeper waters. The delicate larve, how- 
ever, occur most everywhere, and are frequently taken in mud 
and rank aquatic vegetation. The eggs are said to be connected 
by an albuminous thread on emission, which soon contracts 
and hardens. Then one of the sexes wraps this rosary around 
the body several times, and remains in a comparatively dry spot 
for protection. ‘The adult animals are among our most vigorous 
and active species, soon scampering or wriggling out of sight 
from an upturned stone. Then again they may remain until 
probed cr touched in some way, suddenly wriggling away. They 
are soon enabled to burrow in the ground, or among little stones, 
crevices, etc., by means of their strong muscular development. It 
is the most abundant species around Trenton, according to Dr. 
Abbott, especially under stones in the water, water-logged foliage, 
etc. As small and medium-sized examples greatly resemble 
Plethodon erythronotus, which is rather abundant in the dry 
upland woods, a good character for distinguishing the 2 species 
at a glance will be found in the pale or whitish streak extending 
down from the eye behind. This is present on most all examples 
and may frequently be traced to some extent in the blackish 
adults. It may also be distinguished from S‘pelerpes bislineatus in 
the same way. I have quite recently pointed out the supposed 
identity of the nominal species Desmognathus ochrophewa Cope, 
and Salamandra haldemant Hoibrook, with this species. Dr. 
Stejneger has, however, shown that Salamandra quadrimaculata 
Holbrook is not identical, as supposed by Cope. 
Salamandra fusca Green, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 
pt. 2, 1818, p. 356.—Harlan, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., V, 
pt. 2, 1827, p. 330.—Harlan, Med. Phys. Res., 1835, p. 96. 
