GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 363 
Setiform. Bristle-like. 
Shaft. Stiff axis. 
Shoulder-girdle. Bony ‘girdle back of head forming attachment to front 
limbs. 
Sigmoid. Curved like the letter S. 
Sinus venosus. Main ramification of the heart above. 
Spatulate. Spoon-shaped. 
Sphenethmoid. Bone at front of auditory capsule. 
Sphenoid. Basal bone of skull. 
Sphenotic. Side bone of skull. 
Spine. A sharp projecting point. 
Spiracles, Openings in head and neck as in some amphibians. 
Spleen. A small red globular body. 
Squamosal. Bone supporting the suspensorium. 
Stapes. A nodule of cartilage in the fenestra ovalis. 
Stellate. Star-like, or with radiating ridges. 
Sternum. Bone passing back from the epicoracoids. 
Striate. Striped or streaked. 
Sub. Part, less than, not quite, under, somewhat, etc. 
Subcaudal. Under the tail. 
Suborbital. Below the eye. 
Subulate. Awl-shaped. 
Suffrago, Heel joint, that of tibia and tarsus. 
Superciliary, Relating to above the eyebrow. 
Superciliary plates. A series of small scaly plates, over the eyes of lizards. 
Supracaudal shields. Vast pair of median marginal shields on the carapace of 
turtles. 
Supraoccipital. Bone forming upper back roof to skull. 
Supraocular plates. Scaly plates on each side of frontal over the eyes of 
lizards and snakes. Sometimes called superciliary plates. 
Supraoral, Above the mouth. 
Supraorbital. Above the eye. 
Supraorbital plates. Supraocular plates, or those above the eye. 
Suprascapula. Bone above scapula. 
Suspensorium. Posterior region of the palato-quadrate bone. 
Suspensory ligament. Attachment of the lens to the ciliary processes. 
Suture. Line of union of two bones. 
Symphyseal plate. Scaly plate at tip of the mandible in serpents. 
Symphysis. Point of junction of two parts, of lower jaw as tip of chin. 
Synonym, A different name with the same or similar meaning. 
Synonymy. <A collection of different names for the same group, species or 
thing. 
Systemic trunk, Aortic arch. Ramification medianly of the bulbous aorte. 
Tail. Part of body posterior to vent. 
Tarsals. Ankle-bones. 
Tarsus, Ankle-bones collectively. 
Temporal. Relating to the temples. 
