203 



various matters, neceffary for the production of the commodity, muft be 

 taken into account, and confidered, as a flock in trade, in addition to 

 the fupply of frimum. Such are the manufafturcs, of linen, wool, and 

 cotton, of paper, glafs, of bricks, tiles, and potters-ware, with brew- 

 eries and diftilleries. With refpeft to this diftinftion ; manufaftures may 

 be divided into two claffes — articles of original, and articles of adveii- 

 iitious value. 



Articles of adventitious value ought to be preferred, to thofe of ori- 

 ginal value, for they fet in motion an equal quantity of productive 

 labour, at an inferior expence ; in other words, unequal capitals pro- 

 duce equal profits ; and the return from the manufafture of adventi- 

 tious value, is much greater, in proportion to what is advanced out of 

 the fixed capital of the nation, on the credit of the manufafture. 



There may be circumftances, that, on a comparifon of different ma- 

 nufactures, and combination of thefe principles with each other, may vary 

 the conclufions, that would refult, on a firfl view of the foregoing pre- 

 mifes, and from a confideration of manufactures, abflraCtedly and indi- 

 vidually taken. 



It may be wife, to encourage the production of an article of 

 rude and inchoate induftry, and great original value, if it is, at 

 the fame time, an article of the firft neceffity; for the wants of the 

 people will require a conftant fupply, and enfure a ready market ; and 

 thus, the fmallnefs of the return will be counterbalanced, by its cer- 

 tainty and quicknefs. 



Where the productions of a manufacture are in fuch conftant de- 

 mand, for the common purpofcs of life, that, to procure them from 

 foreign artills, would occafion a great drain of fpecie, or exchangeable 

 commodities, from the country ; and, in confequence of it, a general 

 poverty, which woiild end in the ruin of all induftry, and manufac- 

 ture ; it may be wife to poftpone the more lucrative manufactures to 

 fuch as are more n^eflary. 



It may, at times, be expedient to encourage manufactures oi fecon- 

 dary utility ; if they are either manufactures of confummaie induftry, or 



( C c 2 ). of 



