3o6 



by all political writers, that, whatfoever contributes to the encreafc of 

 pci{)ulat!bti, muft, on trial, have been found conducive, to the profpe- 

 rity of the country. The encreafe of population is, in faft, made by 

 them, a criterion of encreafmg profperity. What, fays Totmg ? 

 " the great populoufnefs of France, I attribute, very much, to the 

 " divifion of lands, into fniall properties, of which, in England, we 

 " have no conception." 



Toung is for keeping the charafters of farmer and manufafturer, 

 wholly diftinft. Yet, he admits, that indultry is very generally diffu- 

 fed through France, where the contrary praftice is eflabliftied ; and 

 that the culture of flax and hemp, for home ufe, pervades every part 

 of the country. National profperity, being the united profperity of 

 individuals ; if any particular form of indullry is beneficial, to all the 

 individuals feparately, it cannot fail of being advantageous to the nation. 

 It cannot fail of being beneficial, to a poor man's family, to have 

 the women and children induflrioufly employed, in cloathing the whole, 

 rather than to be obliged to buy fuch articles, at an expence, which 

 many of them not being able to afford, they mufl; either abridge them- 

 felves of other comforts, or be fatisfied, to want the articles in quef- 

 tion. By induftry thus exerted, a poor family is rendered as indepen- 

 dent, as its fituation will admit. All of them, likewife, are warmer, 

 and better cloathed, as far as linen and woollen are concerned, than 

 if thefe matters were to be bought : for things that demand money, 

 will be confumed, with more caution, than what is merely the refult 

 of labour. Thus, as I approve of making the manufacturer a farmer, 

 fo, I approve alfo of making the farmer a manufafturer. 



Though Toung contends for the propriety, of confining manufactu- 

 rers to large towns, and quotes, in his favour, the example of Eng- 

 land; he admits, that great luxury prevails, among the labouring poor 

 of that country. The obvious caufe of this, mufl; be, their living in 

 large towns ; and to this fame caufe, muft we chiefly afcribe the alarm- 

 ing 



