14 



In rabies (hi¡drophobia). BABES was 

 invariably able to protect dogs by means 

 of serum obtained from do^s; MAGA- 

 LHÃES was able to protect oxen with 

 ox serum funj)ublished work carried out 

 at the Experimental Station of Bello 

 Horizonte, Minas Geraes). Homolo.^ous 

 sera are, as l-OEFFLER and others had 

 already ascertained, always more potent 

 than heterologous ones. 



In the case of diseases exclusively 

 affecting man, the verification is more 

 difficult as il entails superimnumisinR 

 convalescer.ts, however : 



In poUomijelitis acuta, FLEXXEH 

 and LEWIS, LEVADITl and LANDS íE!- 

 NER cured monkeys with the sera of 

 convalescents and of superimmunised 

 monkeys; NETTER, GENDRON and 

 TOURRAINE, NOBE'COURT and DAR- 

 RE', FLEXNER and AMOSS obtained fa- 

 vourable results in patients on whom 

 they employed b\g doses of the serum 

 of convalescents; 



¡n small-pox, PROW'AZEK and ARA- 

 GAO indicated the efficacity of twelfth- 

 day serum against the virus; superiramu- 

 nisation would certainly give more po- 

 sitive results. 



In yelloiv fever, MARCHOUX. SA- 

 L1MBÉN1 and SlMOND ascertained that 

 the serum of convalescents is endowed 

 with undeniable preventive properties 

 and perhaps even with some therapeutic 

 ones. 



In scarlet fever, EMIL REISS besi- 

 des others, obtained f?ood results, even 

 in unfavourable cases, by injectinf? in- 

 travenously 100 cm^ of convalescent's 

 serum before the fourth day» of illness. 



B) Psendo-siiperimmunisation, i. e., 

 the collecting of serum of patients while 

 theif arc still ill. 



The virus-carriers or rather the 

 persons thai eliminate or expel virus (VI- 

 nisaussctieider J appear to be ill in all 

 cases, even if the chronic symptoms 

 jshonld be oí little account. This fact 



observed by different authors in the case 

 of foot-and-mouth disease, is easily seen 

 in the case of epithelioma of birds. 



A fowl apparently recovered from 

 the illness, nourishing itself plentifully, 

 laying eggs, is considered completely re- 

 cuperated; on the other hand, if we put 

 it under close observation, we can notice 

 thai every now and then it shows a brief 

 shaking of the head. This fowl suffers 

 from a slight chronic coryza, and both 

 the cerebro-spinal fluid and the blood 

 are infectious. In such a case one may 

 think of an immanifas non stcrilisans, 

 seeing thai one obtains an infectious 

 serxmi. 



In order lo verify the uncertainties 

 pointed out. several studies were underta- 

 ken al the Station. The results obtained 

 with the epithelioma or diphtheria of 

 birds, which offers greater facilities far 

 experimental work may already be pu- 

 blished. 



When one has to deal vdth a great 

 number of chicks and fowls infected with 

 epitheüoma, one can no longer doubt its 

 identity with the diphtheria of birds. 



Not only do all the chicks show mo- 

 re or less marked symptoms of diphthe- 

 ria in the period to which death ensues, 

 but it is also frequent for diphtheric pat- 

 ches lo appear in the course of the de- 

 velopment of the epithelioma; besides 

 this it is not altogether uncommon for 

 inoculations to call forth only diphtheria. 

 In fowls subcutaneous or intraperitoneal 

 inoculations of big doses of epithelioma 

 usually provoke diphtheria. 



Besides this proof based on inocula- 

 tion, which had been previously studied 

 by S. VON RATZ and by UHLENHUTH 

 and MANTEUFFEL (1910), the serolo- 

 gical proofs which I will publish later, 

 confirm this assertion, although MAN- 

 TEUFFEL did not obtain any therapeiu- 

 tic results by inoculating 5 cm^ of the 



