SNAKES. 3 



12. CoNOCEPHALUS. Scalcs keeled, in seventeen rows; sub- 



caudals two-rowed; one azygos anterior frontal. South 

 America. 



13. Carphophis. Scales smooth ; subcaudals two-rowed ; 



rostral rounded ; two pairs of frontals ; teeth smooth ; 

 loreal united with ante-ocular; anal bifid. North Ame- 

 rica. 



14. Homalocranion. Scales smooth ; subcaudals two-rowed ; 



rostral rounded ; two pairs of frontals ; posterior maxillary 

 teeth grooved. Central and South America. 



15. HoMALOsoMA. One loreal ; one ante-orbital ; teeth smooth ; 



palatine teeth. South Africa. 



16. Oligodon. No palatine teeth. East India, 



1. Calamaria, Boie. 



Body stout or elongate ; tail short. Only one pair of frontals ; 

 one nasal, pierced by the nostril ; loreal none, united with the 

 frontal; one anterior, one posterior ocular; four or five upper 

 labials. Scales smooth, rounded behind, in thirteen (in one spe- 

 cies in seventeen) rows; anal entire; subcaudals two-rowed. 

 Teeth equal, smooth. East Indies (Persia). 



Calamaria, Boie, Isis, 1827, p. 519, 539 ; Wagler, Naturl. Syst. 

 der Amphib. p. 191 ; Dum. df Bibr. vii. p. 60. Calamaria, sp., 

 Schlegel. Coluber, sp,, Anguis, sp., auct. prior. 



I. Calamaria LiNNiEi, 



Coluber calamarius, Limi. Mus. Ad. Fried, t. 6. f. 3, and Syst. 

 Nat. i, p. 375 ; Daubent. Quadr. Ovip. Serp. p. 596 ; Lacep. 

 Quadr. Ovip. Serp. ii. p. 318; Bonnat. Ophiol. p, 43; Latr. 

 Rept. iv. p. 180; Daud. Rept. vii. p. 180; Merr. Tent. p. 96. 

 Anguis calamaria, Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 68. Calamaria linnaei, 

 Boie, Isis, 1827, p. 539; Wagl. Syst. p. 192; Schleg. Ess. ii. 

 p. 28. pi. 1. f. 17, 18, and Abbildg. t. 4. f, 1-3; Dum. Sf Bibr. 

 p. 63. Calamaria maculosa, Boie, I. c. p, 540, Calamaria 

 multipunctata, Boie, I. c. ; Wagler, I. c. Calamaria reticulata, 

 Boie, I. c. 



Scales in thirteen rows ; upper labials four ; first pair of lower 

 labials not forming a suture. Above lighter or darker brown, 

 sometimes spotted, sometimes uniform. Belly generally with 

 quadrangular black spots, sometimes uniform blackish, like the 

 back. 



b2 



