«9 



occur in many parts of the sacred writings : witli different mean- 

 ings, as far as concerns their simple character, but with significa- 

 tions much more similar, when considered as types. They are a 

 denomination of a part of the celestial host, the guardians * of 

 the entrance to Eden, and mere ornaments of " cunning f work :" 

 the singulai cherub signifiies an ox, or a calf ; and, in this sense, 

 X is applied in Ezekiel to describe one of the parts of the com- 

 pound cherubim : in the same prophet || the Prince of Tyrus, 

 who is a type of Adam, is called the covering cherub ; and, lastly, 

 there are the cherubim of Ezekiel's § vision, which are admitted 

 by all the commentators, and indeed declared by the prophet him- 

 self, to have exhibited, in their appearance, the resemblance of 

 those of the tabernacla These were figures compounded of the ap- 



VOh. XIII. N 



* Gen. 3. 24. 



f Exod. 26. 31. 36. 8 and 31. 1 Kings, 6 and 7. passim. 2 Chron. 3.14. Ezek. 41. 18. 

 These^ornaments are differently described in several of these texts. 



:{: Ezek. 10. 14. The singular word always signifies a part of the compound, but is not al- 

 ways confined to mean one single image. See Exod. 25. 18, &c. 



II Ezek. 28. 13. 



§ chaps. I and 10 passim. In verses 15 and 22, of the 10th Chapter, Ezekiel de- 

 clares them to be the same. See Mede's works, fol. 1677. page 437, &c. and Grotius 

 agrees with Mede. See also Faber's orig. of Pag. Idol. V. 3. 605. This latter writer 

 has not said sufficient of the cherubim ; and upon this subject Calmet is unsatisfactory, 

 and Parkhurst, as I shall easily demonstrate, mistaken. The writer of the 152il. fragment 

 of Calmet was not however far from the truth, when, in commenting on this figure, he says, 

 tha* " the emblems of antiquity'' had references similar to those which, " whoever had paid 

 " any attention to the study of Heraldry, as practised among us,'' may have " observed in 

 " the arms of some of our families :" and, it is worthy of remark by the way, that the spread 

 eagle of the German standard took its rise in the combination of two eagles captured from 

 the legions of Lollius and Varro, which had been destroyed by the ancestors of that people. 

 (Sueton. in vit. Angus, c. 23.) This union was somewhat analogous to that of the Israelitish 

 national emblem— other texts mentioning cherubim are Num 7. 89. 1 Sam. 4-4-^2 Sam. 6. 

 2 — I Kings 6. 23 — 2 Chron. 3. 10. Ps, 80. 1 (and elsewhere in these and the Prophets,) and 

 Heb. g. 5. 



