47 



139- Surprise is a sudden emotion excited by the percep- 

 tion, discovery or invention of any fact or object inconsistent 

 witli our former experience or expectation — or beyond it, 

 when we have any reason to form any. Such are the disco- 

 veries of Magnetic, Electric or Galvanic powers; of the 

 principle of Attraction, and many other modern discoveries ; 

 the invention of the Steam Engine, &c. the Phenomena of 

 Volcanos, Earthquakes or other extraordinary events. 



140. It is pleasing, when the exciting objects are extraor- 

 dinary, curious or interesting, and unattended with danger 

 to ourselves. 



Displeasing, when its objects are disagreeable or hurtful, or 

 cruel as the unexpected death of a friend, the victory of an 

 enemy, See. It is susceptible of many degrees. 



141. Wonder is an emotion analogous to surprise, for we 

 are surprised by the existence of an unexpected object; but 

 its cause is the object of our wonder. It is either pleasing or 

 displeasing, according to the nature of its object, and is sus- 

 ceptible of many degrees. 



142. When pleasing, it is associated with approbation of 

 its object, and is called admiration. It is excited by the 

 beautiful, the sublime, the grand, the magnanimous, and the 



affecting. 



• Discovery is bringing to light and making known something that did exist before, but 

 was concealed from common observation. To invent is to produce sonifthing thiit did not 

 exist before. Dugald Stewart. 



