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"Judge," in so much as it was synonimous with " deliverer," 

 merely referred to his military jurisdiction and decision, as 

 leader of the host ; and that it was not till after the time of 

 Tola, it assumed a more appropriate, definite, and precise sig- 

 nification, as the dispenser of civil justice among the people. 

 Tlius, we find, that among the Carthaginians, whose sufFetes 

 arc evidently similar to, and perhaps derived from the He- 

 brew sophetim, or Judges, Hannibal, grandson of the first 

 Hamilcar, possessed the office of sufFetc, when he went on the 

 Sicilian expedition ; and the great Hannibal, when he was 

 setting out on the Spanish war, was created one of the same 

 magistrates. (Vide Rollin, vol. 1. 254. 312. and auctores eo 

 citatos, Ed. Dundee, 1800.) Perhaps, the civil powers of 

 the Judge were conferred on the leader of the host, when he 

 had not before possessed them, to consolidate his authority 

 and influence among the troops ; at least, it appears clearly, 

 tlicre is no ground from the text to understand the terms, 

 " Judge," and " deliverer," as completely synonimous, and 

 tlience to deduce the inference, that the period of repose and 

 iurisdicti<m is the same— a supposition founded on a further 

 niisappreliension of the text, (Jud. 2. 18.) in which it is said, 

 " And when the Lord had raised them up Judges, then the 

 Lord was with the Judge, and delivered them out of the 

 hand of their enemies all the days of the Judge," which is by 

 no means inconsistent with the principles of our theory, for 

 wc have shewn, that, in the case of Othniel, Ehud, Shamgar, 



and 



