40 Dr. Kennepy Batuiz’s Researches amongst the tuscribed Monuments 
Christians, when the accession of Jovianus had restored them to their former 
influence. This fixes the date to the year 363, A. C. in the June of which this 
unlooked-for honour fell to the lot of the chief of the Domestici.* 
The Monaxius here mentioned as the builder or restorer of this part 
of the fortifications is styled, in the same way that Constantius is, in the 
inscription already cited from Mr. Fellows’ work, HTEMOQN, but whether 
civil or military is doubtful. In the stance of the Cxsar there can be no 
ambiguity, as he had been invested with a military command, and was engaged 
in actual service, at least at the epoch which I have assigned to that titulus, and 
this might lead to the conclusion that Monaxius was one of Constantius’ officers, 
and present with him during his last campaign against the Sapor. However 
this may be, there can be hardly any question as to the nature of his dignity of 
Cretarch; I mean, as distinguished from military rank. The words of Strabo 
are express on this point: 
« They (the Cretans) elect ten Archons ; but in their deliberations on matters 
of graver moment call in the Seniors (as they are termed) to assist them with 
their counsel.” It is true, he adds at the close of this chapter; “of this polity 
not much remains, but the government is conducted in conformity to the Roman 
institutions.”+ It seems, however, reasonable to suppose that either the juris- 
diction or the dignity of these Archons had survived their liberties. 
Another sense of this termCretarch occurred to me while considering the present 
titulus, namely, that of which such titles as Avkiapxns afford us a type. It is to 
be remembered that the Cretans were allied by blood with the Carians, three of 
whose cities, Miletus, Myus, and Priene, belonged to the celebrated Ionian con- 
federacy,{ which had its xowov, and by consequence its priestly officers, to preside 
over it.§ Following up this analogy, it seems not unreasonable to conclude, that 
Monaxius had been elected to perform the duties of a Kenarch (to use the term) 
* Vid. Ammian. xxy. 5. (Vol. ii. p. 49, Bip.) 
t "Apxovrac c déka atpovvrar Tepl O& TOV peyloTwY cupovrAoLe XOwvTaL TOILE YéoUGL 
caXoupévore’ kabicravrat © cic Touro Td auvédoLoy ot THe TOV Kéopwy apxiic 7etwpevor, Kat 
7a GAA OdKmor KoWspuevor * * * * Od wOANG OF Crapéver TOUTWY TOV VopiLwr, aAdXa roi¢ 
‘Pwpatwy diardypace 7a TAstora Svocetrat. Strab. x. 5. (Vol. ii. p. 385, Tau.) 
$ Vid. Herodot. i. 142. § See Van Dale, Dissert. iii. p. 281. 
