Rev. Epwarp Hincxs on Persepolitan Writing. 123 
There are transcriptions of another sort, however, in which words appearing in I. 
are copied into II., and from these we may hope to gather the exact pronuncia- 
tion of the letters. I observe, then, first of all, that the I. word ¢acharam, a sort 
of building, is transcribed in the inscription B, at the end, fa.t.sha.ra.m. In 
this word there are two characters used, which appear not to be used in native 
words, namely, II. 37, which represents m final, and II. 74, which is evidently 
a modification of II. 73, sa, and which, from its use in this place, cannot, as it 
appears to me, have been any other modification of it than sha. Now, in repre- 
senting the word paruzandndm, the syllable za is represented by this character, 74. 
This could not, I think, have been the case, if z had the power of j, for then 
pa.ru.ut.sha.na.na.m might have been written, as ta.t.sha.ra.m was written 
for the I. tacharam ; nor, again, could it be equivalent to our z, or our s in ds, 
for this would have been represented by simple sa, 73: I conclude, then, that 
Lassen’s z was the soft sound of sh, equivalent to the Frenchy.* This is con- 
firmed by the transcription of another word, wazarka, declined as an adjective, 
“very great,” in I., but clearly a foreign word. It belongs to a language dif- 
ferent from both I. and II., but nearer II. It resembles II. in the radical part 
waz, the w being substituted for m, for this is a form of the root mag, &c. It 
resembles II. also in the form of the superlative, arka. The form in IL. is arra, 
evidently derived from arka by assimilation, as in ersdrra, from ersa; and in 
transcribing this word, it is represented by akka, using another mode of assimi- 
lation, as «eos was made urmos or ixxos. Now, in transcribing the second con- 
sonant of this word, this people used, in general, the character just mentioned, 
74, sha, but in one instance it is represented by the combination of another cha- 
racter with this. This is in the inscription O, that of Darius from Mt. Alwand. 
It is here preceded by the character signifying ma, 4, which is here used to mark 
that the consonant should be softened. So the Egyptians expressed the d at the 
beginning of the name Darius, by 2 and ¢ united; and in the Leyden Papyrus, 
where foreign words are represented in Enchorial characters, 2 and s are employed 
*T have since found that in the third Persepolitan writing, at Nakshi Rustam, the name 
Zaraka begins with a character of the same form as II. 74; while 5a is expressed in Satagush 
and ParSamwa by a character which is interchanged with one of the same form as II. 73, and 
which had certainly the value sa. These facts confirm the conclusions at which I had arrived in 
the text. 
aQ 
