194 Rev. Epwarp Hincks on the Number, Names, and Powers 
so. Besides, the duplication of characters to represent an added I, and the tri- 
plication of them to represent an added U, of which there are unquestionable 
instances, seems to intimate that these were the second and third vowels, and, if 
so, we must have the eagle for the first: for I have already shewn that neither 
the arm nor the /eaf is properly a vowel. 
25,26. A pendent flower (U. 3; u.3), and a leg (U. 4; u. 4), may be 
advantageously considered together. They are both used in the first age, occur- 
ring on the tomb of Teta. The former had for its expletive an eagle, and the 
latter a quail, as the quail (U. 1) had for its expletive the pair of lines ; thus, 
their names were U1, Ua, and Uu, the letter preceding the expletive being in 
all instances pronounced as W, if not as V3; for the Egyptians at Thebes, in the 
age of the papyri, seem to have confounded the sounds of w and v as well as they 
did those of r and /. I will first establish the value of the pendent flower. In the 
names of Ptolemy and Cleopatra it is clearly used to express the vowel O, as it 
was in the name of King Osorkon, which Manetho or his copyists have erroneously 
written OoopOav, of the twenty-second dynasty ; but we have a clearer instance 
of its use as a vowel in the age of the papyri. The name of a foreign country occurs 
in the great inscription from Medinet Habu (B. E. H. 44, col. 16), as in fig. 140 ; 
the name is MysxaUasxa, and clearly corresponds to Mooyos, the singular of 
Mooyor, Herod. 7, 77; just as, in the name of King Darius, Burt. E. H. 3, e¢ a/., 
the quail, followed by the last effective letter in this word, expresses the termi- 
nation OS, for which gual this very character is substituted at the great Oasis. 
It is quite evident that, in order to render the pronunciation of this name at all 
conformable to that of the Greek transcription, a// the expletives must be rejected, 
and the five syllables which it apparently contains be thus reduced to two. 
Here, then, we have this character representing a vowel in the age of the papyri; 
and it clearly represents W or V, rather than U, in its name, and in other words 
where it occurs before a vowel. Thus, in fig. 141, which is also from Medinet 
Habu (B. E. H. 43, col. 11), whether we read the word with or without the ex- 
pletive, we must sound the initial letter as a consonant ; the concurrence of vowels 
would be intolerable, to say nothing of the correspondence which the word thus 
has to the Latin vi-a, of the same signification, if we read it Ual without sounding 
the eagle. The quail and the pendent flower have thus like powers, each being 
sometimes a vowel and sometimes the consonant W. They are seldom inter- 
