PYRAMIDULA RUPESTRIS. 173 
Somerset N.—Wall, Cranmore, 1888 ! G. IX. Gude. 
Sussex E.—Ratton near Willingdon, 1888 ! G. IK. Gude. 
Sligo—Near Ballina, Oct. 1888 ! Mrs. Knox. 
France—Recorded from the Héranlt by M. Dubrueil; from Mont @Or and 
alluvium of the Rhone near Lyons by Locard; from Mont Roland and Mont 
Guerin in Jura by Wattebled. 
Switzerland—Bad Serneus, 1885; Chur, 1887; Upper Engadine, ete., in the 
Grisons (Am Stein, Grisons List, 1890, p. 22). 
Italy—Recorded as var. spiruda by Spinelli from Brescia and other localities in 
Lombardy ; as var. swvatilis from Piedmont by Lessona; and by Panlueei as 
found in 1878 by Dr. Cavanna at Caramanico in Abruzzi. 
Austro-Hungary —Found plentifully about Cracow in Galicia by Jachno; and 
recorded as var. spiruda from the South Tyrolean hills by Strobel. 
Greece—Recorded by Stussiner and Boettger from Burbulitza in Thessaly, from 
Volo and the Peak of Osso. 
Transcaucasia—Recorded by Dr. E. von Martens from Borschom in the govern- 
ment of Tiflis. 
y ° ; Aine ae Seas © + ft « ag 
Var. conoidea Bourguignat, Mal. Alger., 1864, 1., p. 185, pl. 16, ff. 31-33. 
Helix rupestris var. rupicola Stabile, Prosp. Sist. Stat. Moll. Lugano, 1850. 
felix rupestris var. elevata Westerlund, Faun. Eur., 1876, p. 38. 
Patula rupestris var. dalmatina Clessin, Mal. Bl., 1887, p. 51. 
Helix vupestris var. conica Benoit, Ill. Sist. Crit., pl. v., f. 3. 
SHELL globosely conoid, diameter slightly 
exceeding height; UMBILICUS smaller. 
This variety, formerly distributed under the 
name of Helix scotea by M. Bourguignat, is 
intermediate between the typical rupestris and 
the var. trochoides of Feérussae. 
ae P iG. 229.—P. ripestris var. conoidea 
Isle of Man—Niarbyl, Ang. 1895! R. Cairns. Bourg., natural sive and enlarged (after 
Switzerland —Sub-var. rupicola, Sernens — Boemsulsnad. 
Bad, above the Kurhaus, 1885; plentiful at Bergel (Am Stein, Swiss List, 1890). 
Italy—Sub-var. rupicola enumerated for Piedmont by Prof. Lessona; and for 
Palermo and other places in Sicily by Benoit. 
Austro-Hungary—Sub-var. da/matina recorded by Clessin from rocks above the 
source of the Jedrobachs and in the Valley of Cettina, near Almissa, Dalmatia. 
Algeria—Abundant at Constantine on the rocks of Bou-Mécid, attaining a 
diameter of 3} mill. and an alt. of 3 mill. ; rock crevices at Bougie (Bourg., Le.). 
Var. trochoides Férussac, 'labl. Syst., 1822, p. 44, pl. 80, f. 3. 
Helix rupestris var. meridionalts Issel, Bull. Mal. Ital., 1870, p. 115. 
Helix rupestris var. chorismenostoma Vilanc, Faun. Mal. Gréce, 1878, p. 32. 
SPIRE greatly produced, the height of the 
shell exceeding its diameter; WHORLS subsea- ~ ZS 
lariform, and sometimes even partially dislocated. a 
This remarkable variety seems to be the Goold 
prevalent form on the Island of Syra and neigh- 
bouring parts of Greece, and has also been Fic. 230.—P. rupestris v. trochoides 
recorded from other places. Férussac, enlarged (after Férussac). 
England—On walls at Islip, Oxfordshire, in 1881, with typieal form ! Rev. 
S. Spencer Pearce. 
France —Férussac records the type specimens as found by Comm. Dufour at 
Castelnau, near Montpellier, in the Hérault, and Mr. G. K. Gude reports its 
occurrence in Vaucluse. 
Italy—Reported from Tuscany by Signor del Prete, near the Cave of Binelli, 
Carrara, and by M. Panlueci from Lucea in the upper valley of the Serchio. M. 
Paulucei also records this form as found at Carmanico, Abruzzi, in 1878, by Dr. 
Cavanna; and states its occurrence at Palizzi in Calabria; at Cape S. Elia near 
Cagliari in Sardinia, and as var. meridionalis at Monte S. Angelo in Umbria; in 
which province it was also found at Avellana, in 1878, by Dr. Cavanna. 
Greece—Stussiner and Boettger record the var. chorismenostoma from Syra, 
Demiobas, Messenién, the Peloponesus and Mt. Macolessos, Bovotia. 
