, 
214 HELIX POMATIA. 
an annulus composed of about sixteen re@ularly arranged rodlets, which cover and 
fit upon the basal tubercle. Immature darts are frequently met with, and the 
dart would appear to be a more permanent possession in this than in many specics, 
as they have been found to be invariably present in hybernating specimens. 
The RENAL ORGAN or kidney is long and triangular in shape, granular in sub- 
stance, and pale in colour, and placed in the hinder part of the roof of the lung 
chamber, adjacent to the 
pericardium ; the URETER is Fic. 285.—Proximal end of Renal organ or 
* . ci ] yi rimary ¢ secondary 
a thin-walled duet, with a kidney, showing the Pua. secondary 
iaciiiee fared onincininny | Ureter and the relationship with the rectum, 
APU VAM StI UCU SBI the heart, and the respiratory aperture, highly 
secondary tract, running near magnified (after Dr. Arnold Lang). 
to and alongside the rectum, : : q 
nent tl ase File hk. heart; #. the proximal end of kidney ; 
opening a oti Le ee Y 1 ANE p.a. pulmonary aperture; /.%. primary ureter 3 
mantle cavity above and to 4. rectum; su. secondary ureter. 
the right of the pulmonary 
aperture ; a special ALKALINE GLAND is also present, which transforms into urate 
of soda the urie acid exereted by the kidney. 
The REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS show a well-developed and compact OVOTESTIS, 
which is imbedded in the LIVER ; the HERMAPHRODITE DUCT is slender, but closely 
and densely convoluted, terminating in a long and tightly-folded VESICULA 
SEMINALIS, near the hase of the pale brownish and linguiform ALBUMEN GLAND; 
the OVISPERMATODUCT is whitish-grey ; the densely sacculate OVIDUCT being as 
usual united to the broad and granular PROSTATE or sperm duet ; the SPERMATHECA 
is globular and brownish, and borne upon a very long stem, which only rarely 
lic. 287.—Base of the 
albumen gland, showing 
the Vesicula seminalis 
and the seminal ducts. 
/.d. hermaphrodite duct; 
ov. oviduct; v.s. Vesicula 
sentinalts, 
Fic. 287 
ore SEEN hy 
LK AA 
q 
Fic. 286. Fic. 288. 
Fic. 286.—Repreductive system of /Ted7r pomatia, showing the multidigitate mucus glands and the 
unusual presence of a vestigial or nascent diverticulum or branch to the stem of the spermatheca. 
a.g. albumen gland ; @.s. dart sac; _/7. flagellum, and enlargement of distal end; #.¢. digitate mucus 
glands ; ef. ovotestis; ev. oviduct ; f.s. penis sheath; #7. prostate; 7. retractor, with enlargements (x), 
showing its mode of attachment to end of epiphallus; sf. spermatheca, with stem, showing the unusual 
feature of the development of a diverticulum ; v.@. vas deferens. 
Fic. 288.—Proximal end of the reproductive system of //edix fomatia, laid open to show the internal 
arrangement and the openings of the ducts, enlarged (after Recluz). 
d.s. dart sac, and d.s.o. its opening, flanked by the apertures of the digitate mucus glands wz.9. 3 
ov. aperture of oviduct with sphincter; /.s. penis sheath ; 7. vestibule. 
develops a short branch or diverticulum ; FREE OVIDUCT somewhat capacious, 
with a pair of bluish-white MUCUS GLANDS debouching in front of the dart-sae, 
each gland being split into thirty to sixty delicate digitate follicles; the VAS 
DEFERENS enters the penis at the distal end of the short epiphallus, where the 
long and powerful RETRACTOR is aflixed, the EPIPHALLUS being continued as a 
. 
