™, 
250 HELIX ASPERSA. 
PLEISTOCENE.—This species, not hitherto reliably known from British 
Pleistocene beds, has been obtained from the remarkable deposits in the 
Ightham fissnres near Wrotham, West Kent, by Mr. W. J. Lewis Abbott, 
who remarks that although the known burrowing habits of the species 
must induce caution in claiming it as of truly Pleistocene age, yet the 
finding of about a dozen specimens here and there in the deposits, not only 
entire shells but many fragments of various sizes, tends to confirm the 
specimens as being genuine relics of that period. 
In France, it is recorded by Comm. Caziot as common in all the deposits 
of Mid-Pleistocene age about Villefranche-sur-Mer, Alpes Maritimes; and 
a large form is recorded by Nevill, which abounded at a depth of five feet 
from the surface, immediately above the lower strata of the ‘Couche 
Marneuse” or zone of Helix pareliana at Cape Mortela, Mentone. 
In Corsica, it is reported by Locard from bone breccia about Bastia, 
and from the grottoes of Grimaldi in the province of Porto Maurizio. 
In Italy, it has been found by Valentini in the “'T'ravertin” of Ascoli 
Piceno in the Marches; and Issel has also recorded it as existing within 
the layers of “'Travertin” on the Islet of Galita, south of Sardinia. 
In Sicily, according to Benoit, it has been found in “ 'l'ertiary ” deposits 
at Brancaccio, Billiemi, and Altavilla near Palermo. 
In Spain, it was recorded by Prof. late from the bone caves of Gibraltar. 
In Algeria, it is recorded by Bourguignat, on the authority of Deshayes 
and others, from the limestone beds of the Island of Rachgown at the 
mouth of the river 'l'afna near Oran; from the limestone on the coast at 
Fouka near Koléa, Cherchell, Guyotville, and Ain-Taya near Algiers ; also 
from rocks at the end of the Lamoriciére fosse in the Algiers fortifications. 
Horocent.—In West Cornwall, Kennard and Warren record its oceur- 
rence in Neolithic “ kitechen-middens ” at Harlyn Bay; also in the blown- 
sand and associated deposits at 'Towan Head, Newquay ; and Mr. J. P. 
Johnson has noted it at a depth of ten feet ina compact sandy deposit 
ona quarry at Gwithian ‘l’owans near Hayle, and has also found it in the 
neighbouring Riviere ‘'owans; and Mr. Kennard reports it from buried 
land surfaces on the sandhills at Godrevy, Hayle, and Lelant. 
In South Somerset, Mr. H. St. George Gray has recorded the frequent 
presence of /7Z. aspersu in Wick Barrow (Pixies’ Mound), Stoke Courcy 
or Stogursey, which was excavated in 1907, and attributed by him to the 
early Bronze age, or about 1800 B.C. 
In Wilts., Mr. J. W. Flower has observed its constant presence in British 
barrows. In November, 1882, General Pitt-Rivers found three specimens 
about two feet below the surface associated with //. pomutia, during his 
excavation of a Romano-British dyke in Shiftway Coppice near Rushmore ; 
in 1887, six specimens were found in the excavations at Rotherley, and in 
1888, when excavating the Bokerly Dyke, Woodyates, an entrenchment 
in high relief nearly four miles long, of Romano- British age, which crosses 
the old Roman road from Sarum to Badbury, and forms the boundary 
between Dorset and Wilts., he found many shells of this species, associated 
with those of /7. nemoralis, the oyster, and a few fragments of mussel shells. 
Mr. H. St. George Gray also found it abundantly i in the superficial deposits 
in the fosse of the great circle at Avebury in the north of the county. 
In Dorset, Mr. J. C. Mansel-Pleydell has occasionally found it in ancient 
interments ; and in 1909, Mr. H. St. George Gray during his excavations 
