a 
300 HELIX NEMORALIS. 
The sub-var. ereticola is very thick-shelled and ponderous, white, yellowish 
beneath, with broad fuscous bands, umbilicus often open. Diam. 30 mill. <A 
minor form is deseribed as eretaceous, with broad liver-coloured bands. 
The sub-var. eretacea is thick and heavy, usually with exfoliated epidermis. 
The sub-var. tonnensis, Helix (Pentatenia) tonnensis is described by Sandberger 
as ‘‘T. globoso-conica, apice obtusa, mammillata, basi imperforata, prope colu- 
mellam impressa, anf. 5, paullo convexi, suturis linearibus disjuncti, costulis 
transversalibus tenuibus depressis paullo distantibus et (sub lente) rimulis 
longitudinalibus confertis ornati, ult. fusco-trifasciatus, antice deflexus et ad 
aperturam leviter constrictus cireiter 4/7 omnis altitudinis wquat. Apert. obliqua, 
late lunata, marginibus callo tenui junctis, expansis, basali stricto latiore, appresso, 
columellari postice dilatato, umbilicum obtegente. Alt. 22, lat. 30 mill.” He also 
alludes to it as intermediate between the large Helix nemoralis and the Caucasian 
Helix atrolabiata. 
Dr. Scharff has, however, submitted specimens of the thick and heavy Holocene 
shells of the var. ponderosa from Dog's Bay, Galway, to Herr Clessin, who regards 
them as identical in every respect with Helia tonnensis. 
ENGLAND AND WALES. 
Kent W.—Dartford (H. Leslie, Quart. Journ. of Conch., 1874, p. 34). 
Glamorgan—St. Fagan’s, Cardiff, weight 30 grains, F. W. Wotton. 
Pembroke—Tenby burrows, large and thick shells, A. G. Stubbs. 
York N.E.—In a small chalk-pit near Binnington, J. A. Hargreaves. 
TRELAND. 
Ireland—Sub-var. creticola-minor, White Strand, Billicarberhy (Westerlund, l.c.). 
Donegal—Sub-var. hibernica, Bundoran, Dr. Roediger. Mr. R. Welch has found 
very heavy shells in the living state about Bunbeg, Carrickfin, Horn Head, Maghery 
and Bundoran. 
Galway W.—Tlormerly plentiful in the fossil state in the ‘‘ Black Band” deposit 
at Dog’s Bay, Roundstone, where it was discovered by Mr. R. D. Darbishire, of 
Manchester, but now found in a much lower zone in a stratum of clean sand, fora- 
minifera and finely comminuted shells; the shells now found in the ‘‘ Black Band” 
above being of ordinary substance (see p. 286, f. 344). 
CONTINENTAL DISTRIBUTION. 
France—Sub-var. cretucea recorded by Baudon from limestone quarries in the 
Oise ; and as rather common in hedges, Villers-les-Pots, Auxonne, Céte d’Or, by 
Wattebled. 
Sweden—Var. ponderosa recorded by Dr. Westerlund from Benestad, Skane, 
and the sub-var. ereticola from Sweden without precise locality. 
Denmark—Sub-var. creticol/a in the Island of Méen (Westerlund, l.c.). 
Var. pellucens Moquin-T'andon. 
Helix nemoralis var. diaphana Grateloup, Catal. Moll. France, 1859, p. 5. 
Helix nemoralis var. pellucens Moquin-Tandon, Hist. Moll., ii., 1853, p. 162. 
Helix nemoralis var. tenuis Baudon, Journ. de Conch., 1884, p. 235. 
The sub-var. pellueens is very small and transparent. 
The sub-var. tenuis is almost transparent and said to live in very moist woods. 
ENGLAND AND WALES. 
Cornwall W.—Sub-var. tenuis, Truro and Falmouth, 1886, J. H. James. 
Devon N.—Sub-var. tenuis, many specimens, all with modified typical fascia- 
tion, Ilfracombe, also found at Lynton, Aug. 1903, H. Beeston and C. E. Wright. 
Norfolk E.—One at Yelverton, Rev. S. Spencer Pearce. 
Stafford—Sub-var. castanea, Aug. 1890 ! Lionel E. Adams. 
Lincoln N.—Hundleby, July 1904, C. 8. Carter. Nettleton, July 1901 ! Miss 
Allott. 
IRELAND. 
Antrim—Cushendun, May 1886! Rev. S. A. Brenan. 
Down—South end of sand dunes, Newcastle, average weight 4 grains, R. Welch. 
Donegal—In damp woods, Glenveigh, A. W. Stelfox. 
Clare—Ballyvaughan, Aug. 1894! E. Collier. Ennistimon, in wet moss on shales, 
1907! P. H. Grierson. 
Kerry—Very thin on Great Skellig, Sept. 1888, Rev. A. H. Delap. On the shale 
at the summit of Magillicuddy Reeks the shells were so thin as to crush between 
the fingers when gathered, J. Ray Hardy. 
