ae 
302 HELIX NEMORALTS. 
Northampton—Blisworth, Oct. 1905, Rev. W. A. Shaw. Sub-var. alba, Wood- 
ford. C. E. Wright. 
Glamorgan— “Var. albina and sub-var. purpurascens, Cardiff, 1889! FW. Wotton. 
Pembroke—Sub-var. purpurascens 00300, North Cliff, Tenby, A. G. Stubbs. 
Merioneth— Barmouth, 1:345, J. Kidson Taylor. 
Lincoln N.—Wyham and Mablethorpe sandhills, 1900; and Hubbard’s Valley, 
Louth, Aug. 1901, C. S. Carter. 
Cheshire—Sale, (123)(45). J. Kidson Taylor. 
Lanc. S. —Southport, (12)345 ; Chorlton, 12345, J. Kidson Taylor. 
York S.E.—Barlby near Selby, June 1890 ! W. Nelson. 
IRELAND. 
Antrim. — Ballycastle, 00300, J. Kidson Taylor. 
Donegal.-—Bunbeg, (123)45 and 12345, J. Kidson Taylor. 
Dublin—Sub-vars. virescens 12345 and purpurascens, Dublin, 1885, J. R. Redding. 
Sligo. Sligo (1234)5, J. Kidson Taylor. 
Clare—Sub-var. adbescens, Ballyvaughan, Aug. 1894, E. Collier. 
Tipperary S.—Sub-var. virescens, near C loumel, Rev. A. H. Delap. 
Cork S.—Carrigaline Castle, May 1888 ! W. F. de Vismes Kane. 
FOREIGN DISTRIBUTION. 
Germany—Recorded from North Germany by A. Schmidt; from Carlsruhe, 
Baden, by Gysser; and from Alsace by Meyer. 
France—Var. albina 00000, with the banded sub-vars. 12345, 10345, 00300, and 
000:: Diene, Basses Alpes, and ::::: Boulogne-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais (Moquin- 
Tandon, |.e.); Areneil-Cachan, Seine (Pascal, l.e.); Ariege (Grateloup); Salies de 
Béarn, Basses Pyrénées, 1903, Hugh Watson; and Royan, Charente Inferieure, by 
Desmoulins. 
Sub-var. alba, Mouy, Oise (Baudon, |.c.). 
Sub-var. albescens, recorded by Locard from Lyons, Rhone, and Colombier, ete., 
Ain ; and from the department of the Somme by Picard. 
Sub-var. pseudo-albina, rare at Place St. Clair, Lyons (Locard, |.c.). 
Switzerland—Near Geneva (Brot, Proe.-Verb. Soc. Mal. Belg., 1877, p. xlviii.). 
Italy—Sub-vars. albida inornata, leucostoma albida inornata and albida quinque- 
‘fasciata are cited from Udine, Venetia, by Prof. Pirona. 
Austro-Hungary—Recorded from the South Tyrol by J. and P. Strobel. 
United States—Sub-var. a/bescens, Lexington, Virginia, Prof. Morrison. 
Var. libellula Risso. 
Helicogena libellula Risso, Hist. Nat. Eur. Mérid., 1826, p. 62, no. 134. 
Helix nemoralis vars. flava, lutescens, and flavowirescens Picard, Moll. Somme, 
1840, p. 183. 
Helix nemoralis var. sudfurea Grateloup, Cat. Moll. France, 1855, p. 9. 
Helix nemoralis var. lutea Baudon, Journ. de Conch., 1884, p. 234. 
Helix nemoralis var. aurantia Cockerell, Nat. World, 1885, p 144. 
Helix nemoralis vay. libellula-purpurascens Cockerell, op. cit., p. 235. 
Helix nemoralis var. fallax Cockerell, Sci. Goss., 1887, p. 177. 
The var. libellula—var. Jutea of Baudon, var. lutea inornata of Pirona, and 
var. unicolor lutea of Dumont and Mortillet—embraces all the shells in which the 
ground colour is any shade of yellow, and is co-extensive in its geographical 
distribution with the species itself. 
The sub-var. flava is of a very beautiful, brilliant, and pure yellow. 
The sub-var. luteseens is pale yellow. The sub-var. fallax CkIl., is also 
“pale yellow, but appears green when occupied by the animal. It is a sub-variety 
of libellula.’ 
The sub-var. flavovireseens is of a greenish-yellow. 
The sub-var. aurantia is orange coloured and almost intermediate in shade 
between vars. libedlula and rubella. 
The sub-var. libellula-purpuraseens is described as yellow, flushed with 
purplish or brownish-purple on the last whorl near the aperture. : 
Leydig remarks on the influence of light, warmth and dryness as distinctly 
evidenced by the fine citron-yellow shells of this species found in the sunny vine- 
yards of the Main Valley. Specimens of large size and of a beautiful yellow are 
recorded by Mr. J. Hawkins as found on the “willow-herb (Epilobium hirsutum). 
