a 
306 HELIX NEMORALIS. 
o 
Belgium—The commonest form at Hasselt, ete., Limburg (Colbean, 1.c.). 
Holland—Heerenveen, Friesland, Aug. 1909 ! F. H. Sikes. 
France—Var. rubella was deseribed by Picard from the Somme; recorded from 
Lyons and the Ain by Locard; from the Vosges by Puton ; from the Pyrénées and 
Tonlonse; with the banded sub-vars. 00300 from the Pyrénées and Digne, Basses 
Alpes ; 12345 from Toulouse and ::::: from Grenoble, [sere, by Moquin-Tandon ; 
from Lourdes, Hautes Pyrénées, by F. H. Sikes; from Marvejols, Lozere, by Fagot 
and Malafosse; and Dieppe, Rouen, and Venles, Seine Inférieure, by 8. C. Cockerell. 
Sub-vars. rubra, rosea, and carnea are cited from Mouy, Oise, by Bandon. 
Sub-var. carnea, found at Ax, Ariege, May 1889! by W. Eagle Clarke ; recorded 
by Norguet from V ‘alenciennes, Nord ; and by Puton for the Vosges. 
Switzerland—Var. rubella is predominant about Lucerne, Ff. Roffien. 
Austro-Hungary—A rose coloured variety with a dark rose band 00300 recorded 
by Dr. Boettger from Plischenrtza Mountains, Croatia. 
Italy—-Sub-vars. rosea unicolor, rosea quinqguefusciata, and rosea bifasciata ave 
all cited from Udine, Venetia, by Prof. Pirona. 
Spain-—Fontarabia, Basque province, Jan. 1910! F. H. Sikes. Sub-var. earned, 
Andorra, May 1889 ! W. Eagle Clarke. 
Portugal —Sub-var. vosea, rather rare, Coimbra, Ang. Nobre. 
Norway—Sub-var. earned, Bergen and Stavanger, Miss B, Esmark. 
Russia—Recorded from Volhynia by Krynicki. 
United States—Var. rubella, recorded by Prof. J. L. Howe from Lexington, 
Virginia, forty-two band variations being detailed, of which twenty-three were 
forms bearing supplementary bands (Amer. Nat., 1898, p. 921). Prof. Coekerell 
records specimens with the formule 00000 and 00300 from B urlington, New Jersey ; 
and Mr. H. Prime tetrafasciate and unicolorous specimens from Flushing, New York. 
Var. studeria Moquin-T'andon. 
Helix nemoralis var. studerta Moquin-Tandon, Hist. eee France, 185, p. 167. 
Helix nemoralis var. violacea Baudon, Moll. Oise, 1862, p. 19. 
Helix nemoral7s var. purpureo-tincta Cockerell, Brit. Nate 1891, p. 65. 
Helix nemoralis var. livactna Westerlund, Syn. Moll. Extram., 1897, p. 57. 
The var. studeria is deseribed as of a lilac colour. 
This variety is really a very uncommon shell, and though somewhat frequently 
found of a lilac colour, the shells are generally denuded specimens of certain forms 
of vars. rubella or castanea, which have a purplish ground beneath the epidermis. 
The sub-var. violaeea is described as of a delicate violet colour. 
The sub-var. lilaeina is probably held to possess a name sufficiently descriptive. 
The sub-var. purpureo- -tineta is ‘‘very pale purplish, like the var. pallida of 
H. hortensis” and is ‘tallied to f. studeria.” 
As subsidiary forms of this variety two band formule have been noted and named. 
00345 var. montfortia Moq. 00300 var. altenia Moq. 
ENGLAND AND WALES. 
Devon S.—Sidmonth, April 1898, Guy Breeden. 
Somerset S.—Minehead, July 1900, Guy Breeden. 
Sussex E.—Sub-var. purpureo-tincta, near Lewes, C. H. Morris (Cockerell, l.e.). 
Kent W.—Crayford and Dartford, T. D. A. Cockerell. . 
Suffolk W.—Sub-var. lidacina, Great Fakenham, Mrs. Caton. 
Notts.—Sub-var. lidacina, Bridgeford, 1892! A. G. Stubbs. 
York S.E.—A whitish shell, changing to purple on the body-whorl, with a 
slightly darker purple band, and perhaps best indicated as sub-var. @/bo-studeria, 
00300, Barlby, Dee. 1910 ! J. F. Mushaim. 
, ITRELAND. 
Antrim — Sandhills, Portrush, T. H. Hedworth. 
Tipperary S.—Clonmel, Rey. A. H. Delap. 
FOREIGN DISTRIBUTION, 
Germany —A violet-grey variety recorded for North Germany by A. Schmidt. 
France —Reported from Salies-de-Bearn, Basses Pyrénées, by Hueh Watson. 
Recorded by Norguet from Valenciennes, Nord ; by Locard from Lyons; by Moquin- 
Tandon from Tours, Indrve-et-Loire; Toulouse, Haute Garonne; and St. Bertrand, 
Hautes Pyrénées ; and by Paseal from Haute Loire and Seine. 
The banded form 00300 is reported from North France ; and 00345 trom Toulouse 
and the Pyrénées. Sub-var. violacea is from Mouy, race (Baudon, l.e.). 
United States—Sub-var. purpureo-tincta 1(23)(45), 123(45), 00300, and 123%(45) 
recorded by Prof. J. L. Howe from Lexington, Virginia. 
