HELIX NEMORALIS, 509 
: . isis 
Var. Olivacea Risso. 
Helicogena olivac ea Risso, Hist. Nat. Eur. Mévid., 1826, p. 63, no. 136, 
Helix nemoraiis var. gesneria Moquin-Tandon, Hist. Moll. France, 1895, ii. p. 167. 
Helix nemoralis var. érunnea Baudon. Moll. Oise, 1862, p. 20. 
Helix nemoralis var. hepatica Cockerell, Brit. Nat., April 1891, p. 65. 
Helix nemoralis var. hepatica Westerlund, Syn. Moll. Extram., 1897, p. 57. 
The H. olivacea Risso is referred to H. nemoralis wy Mortillet, but Boureni- 
gnat allocates it with Helix sylvatica. ; 
: The var. olivacea has the shell of a deep olive brown, frequently, showine a 
violet shade inside, and externally a distinet yellow rim adjoining the peristome. 
The sub-var. gesneria is described as olivaceous. 
The sub-var. brunnea is regarded by its author as described by its name. 
The sub-var. hepatica Cockerell is ‘liver colour, suture and part of spire 
whitish. Near to f. castanea.” 
The horehound (Ballota nigra) produces very dark brown or nearly black shells, 
according to Mr. J. Hawkins, of York. : 
As subsidiary forms of the var. o/ivacea the following band variations have been 
recorded and named :— 
12345 var. schefferia Mog. 00345 var. voiytia Mogq. 
and the following as possessing a brown ground colour are probably referable to 
Bandon’s sub-var. brunnea :— ; 
12345 var. hreglingeria Locard. 00300 var. exuthymea Locard. 
ENGLAND AND WALES. 
Channel Isles—Very rare, Moulin Huet, Guernsey (Tomlin and Marquand, Le. ). 
Island of Sark, July 1905, F. H. Sikes. 
Cornwall W.— Housel Bay, Sept. 1910 ! A. H. Pawson. 
Cornwall E.—Saltash, 02300, Oct. 1909, C. E. Wright. 
Devon S.—Exeter, July 1904, C. E. Wricht. 
Somerset S.—T'aunton, Rev. E. W. W. Bowell. 
Somerset N.—Boltonsborough, Aug. 1895 !S.C. Clapham. Milton Cleveland, 
near Bruton and Burnham, E. W. Swanton. 
Wilts. N.— Devizes, C. D. Heginbotham; Gt. Bedwyn (Townsend), E.W. Swanton. 
Dorset—Bridport, Aug. 1900, C. E. Wright. , 
Hants. S.—lhowlands Castle, 1909 ; a large colony, Cosham, 1903, C. E. Wricht. 
Sussex E.—Sub-var. hepatica, Lewes, C. H. Morris (‘T. D. A. Cockerell, l.e.). 
Kent E.—Minster and Walmer, Sept. 1900, C. E. Wright. 
Surrey —Grayswood and Prestwick, E. W. Swanton. 
Essex S.—Chingford, June 1910! F. B. Jennings. 
Essex N.—Chignal St. James, Rh. Miller Christy. 
Bucks.—Colnbrook, June 1906 ! If. H. Sikes, 
Suffolk E.—Gorlestone, July 1899, C. E. Wright. 
Norfolk E.—Rare, Alpington, Rev.S.S. Pearce. Horsham St. Paith’s, A. Mayfield. 
Norfolk W.-—Mildenhall, A. Maytield. 
Cambridge—I’en Ditton, May 1907; and Chesterton, Oct. 1909, C. BE. Wrieht. 
Northampton—Woolastone, Sept. 1895; Oundle, Sept. 1905, ete., C. E. Wrielit. 
Gloucester W.—Durdham Downs, Bristol, May 1866 ! W. Nelson. 
Stafford—Acton and canal bank, Rugeley, Oct. 1898, C. E. Wright. Common 
in hedges about Stafford in 1884 and 1885, Lionel E. Adams. 
Cardigan —The prevailing form at Aberystwyth, May 1888, E. Collier. 
Denbigh—Great Orme’s Head, 00300 and 00345, Aug. 1906, C. E. Wrieht. 
Lincoln N.—Mablethorpe, June 1907, and Bardney, Sept. 1908, J. Ff. Musham. 
Leicester— Canal side, Leicester, March 1898, C. KE. Wrielt. 
Derby— Matlock, J. A. Howe. Castleton, J. Kidson Taylor. 
Lancashire S.—Preston, Southport, and Formby (Dyson, Shells of Manchester, 
1850, p. 30). Farington, J. KNidson Taylor. 
Lancashire Mid—Lytham (D. Dyson, op. cit.). 
York S.E.—Hedon, Tom Petch. 
York N.E.—Scealby and Robin Hood’s Bay ! Prof. A. Harker. 
York Mid W.—Lone Preston, J. Kidson Taylor. 
Donegal—Gola Island, Sept. 1908, C. E. Wright. 
Louth—Mellifont Abbey and Ardee ! P. H. Grierson. 
Meath--Julianstown, April 1909! R. F. Scharff. Laytown, P. H. Grierson. 
Dublin—Glen Druid near Carrickmines, Oct. 1886! W. FF. de Visines Kane. 
Tipperary S.—Near Clonme!, Rev. A. H. Delap. 
IRELAND. 
