, 
370 HELIX PISANA. 
the CICATRIX or place where the mantle was last in contact with the completed 
epiphragm is sometimes very distinct. It is usually affixed to the apertural rib, 
and though it may be sunk much deeper at the upper part, is always practically 
level with the aperture at the columella. 
SHELL subglobose, somewhat depressed above and convex beneath, somewhat 
solid, but inclined to be translucent, of a dull 
whitish colour, encircled by numerous dark spiral 
bands of variable width and intensity, and fre- 
quently interrupted or broken ; WHORLS 55 or 6, 
rapidly increasing in size, irregularly striate in 
the line of growth, and with numerous and in 
certain parts closely-set incised lines encircling 
the whorls, and with the lines of growth fre- 
quently presenting a decussate or reticulate 
appearance ; SUTURE shallow ; NUCLEUS smooth 
and usually of a dull purplish-brown hue, but 
frequently colourless and translucent ; APERTURE 
rather oblique and rounded, usually whitish, of 
a delicate buff or pink internally, with a slight Fic. 407.—Magnified sculpture of 
submarginal RIB of a whitish, yellowish, or rosy — the body-whorl in /edix pisana Miill. 
tint; outer margin sharp but thickened, somewhat (From photo. by Mr. W. Bagshaw). 
abruptly inflected above and distinetly reflected below, and partially covering the 
UMBILICUS, which is oblique and narrow. Diam. 18 mill. ; alt. 14 mill. 
INTERNALLY, the RETRACTOR of the RIGHT OMMATOPHORE, as in the true /e/ices, 
passes between the male and female organs of the reproductive system. 
The KIDNEY or precordial gland is light buff in colour, irregularly covered with 
darker spots, which are sometimes disposed in two series or rows; the lenticular 
PERICARDIUM being closely apposed to its concave side ; the HEART shows a dull 
white VENTRICLE, which is somewhat larger than the transparent, colourless, and 
more delicate AURICLE. 
bb 
Fic. 408. Fic. 409. Fic. 410. 
The Alimentary and other organs of Helix pisana Miiller. 
Fic. 408.—Alimentary organs, x 3. 44. buccal bulb; s.g. salivary glands ; ~ rectum. 
Fic. 409.—Pericardium and heart with the precordial gland or kidney, x 3. 
Fic. 410.—Albumen gland and hermaphrodite duct, with the vesicula seminalis, x 3. 
The ALIMENTARY SYSTEM shows the usual triodromous intestinal coiling ; the 
(ESOPHAGUS is stout and towards the crop is longitudinally striped, and its median 
portion enveloped by the well-developed, whitish, SALIVARY GLANDS ; the CROP and 
the STOMACH at the termination of the INGESTIVE TRACT blend together, and the 
stomachal expansion is continued beyond the terminal fold. ‘The LIVER or digestive 
gland is of a light brown colour in the upper lobes, but darker in the more basal 
lobules ; the HEPATIC ARTERY is of a transparent dull greenish tint, but some- 
what indistinct. 
The REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS show a_ well developed but loosely aggregated 
OVOTESTIS, more or less imbedded in the liver; the HERMAPHRODITE DUCT is 
simple and direct distally, becoming closely tortuous as it approaches the ALBUMEN 
GLAND, which is of the usual linguiform shape; the VeSICULA SEMINALIS or claw 
is somewhat large, glandular in structure, and is formed of strongly wrinkled grey 
and black transverse segments ; OVIDUCT distinetly saceulate and whitish in colour 
with the SPERM DUCT closely apposed; the SPERMATHECA is small and globosely 
