HELIX PISANA. 381 
As possessing convexly rounded spires with moderately developed but angulate 
body whorls, Helix cuttati and H. monrot are enumerated. 
Helix tohenica and Helix comaliana are placed with the depressed forms by 
Letonrneux and Bourguignat. i 
Dr. Panl Germain, who has so thoroughly studied the variation in this species, 
classifies as depressed forms 
Helix agaroi, H. levesquei, H. salemensis, H. barbozana, and H. pisanella, and 
as merely subdepressed gives Helix gergisensis, H. subpisana, H. cuttati, H. monroi, 
and H. machadot. 
WALES. 
Pembroke —Tenby, A. G. Stubbs. 
FOREIGN DISTRIBUTION. 
France—Bordeaux, Gironde, 1878! Dr. R. F. Scharff; Toulon, Var ! G. K. Gude; 
Cape Breton, Landes, and Grasse, Alpes Maritimes, Hugh Watson; Nice, Alpes 
Maritimes ! P. Dautzenberg ; and recorded from Corsiea by Dr. J. C. Grateloup. 
Sub-var. pisanella is known from Nimes, Gard ; Sanary, and Ste-Baume, Var; 
Les Martigues, and Marseilles, Bouches-du-Rhéne; and Niece. Sub-var. barbozana, 
Nimes, Gard ; and sub-var. monroi, Limoux, Aude ! Dr. Germain. Sub-vars. eutfati 
and monroi, Provence (Let. & Bet., op. cit.). Sub-var. cuttati, Sanary, Var; Les 
Sables @Olonne, Vendée, Marseilles and Rochelle, Dr. Germain. 
Spain—Gibraltar ! R. D. Darbishire. Sub-vars. euttati, monroi, and olivaresi, 
Spain. Sub-var. pisanella, Cadiz, Prof. Hidalgo; abundant about Valencia; near 
Seville, Andalusia; and in the Balearic Isles (Letourneux & Bourguignat, op. cit.). 
Portugal —Sub-var. pisanel/a is known from Lisbon, Coimbra, Oporto, Paro and 
Villa Nova de Milfontes. Sub-var. cvtlati from Lisbon and Faro. Sub-var. monroi 
from Lisbon, Dr. Germain. Sub-var. barbozana, Lisbon and Oporto, Dr. Hidalgo. 
Italy—Ventimiglia, Liguria ! P. Dantzenberg. Sandy coast at Mondello near 
Palermo, Sicily, Marquis Monterosato ; and Malta, A. Issel. Sub-var. /ata, Ascoli- 
Piceno, Marches ! Marquis Monterosato. 
Austro-Hungary—Sub-var. cvtfati, Istria (Let. & Bourg., op. cit.). 
Algeria—Sub-var. devesquei is cited for Algeria and sub-var. pisanella as quite 
typical in the Valley of the Seybouse near Bone (Let. & Bourg., op. cit.). 
Tunis — Common nearly everywhere, IKhroumirie (Germain, lc.) Sub-var. 
pisanella, on the littoral dunes between Siax and Gabes. Sub-var. devesquei on the 
dunes south of Gabes ; and sub-vars. s@/emensis and gergisensis at Sidi-Salem near 
Houmt-Souk, Island of Djerba, and environs of Zarzis (Let. & Bourg., op. eit.). 
Canary Islands—Sub-var. pisanella, Grand Canary, G. K. Gude. 
Somaliland—Sub-vars. comaliana and tohenica are recorded by Bourguignat. 
Var. grasseti 'l'arnier. 
Helix grasseti Tarnier, in Mousson's Revis. Mal. Canar., 1871, p.31, pl. 2, ff. 33, 34. 
The var. grasseti has the spire almost flat, the periphery angulated, but rounded 
at the aperture, and the umbilicus almost closed. (See Monogr., pl. xxx., f. 9). 
It is authoritatively figured in the new edition of Martini und Chemnitz’s 
Conchylien-Cabinet, Helix, pl. 37, ff. 5-8. 
It isin part the Helix planata of Webb and Berthelot; and is said—probably 
in error—to be identical with Helix pisanoides VOrb., a native of the West Indies. 
The var. grasseti is so striking a form that it has been detached from the var. 
depressa to which group it belongs so that its peculiarities may be emphasized, as it 
undoubtedly indicates a weaker and more ancient form of the species, although its 
peculiarities may have been accentuated by the submontane character of its habitats. 
Whether it may prove to be now sufficiently distinct to be regarded as a separate 
species must await a comparative study of its organization. 
It is a form which varies very little, and in Grand Canary, according to Capt. 
Farrer, always lives apart from the typical pisana, being practically confined to 
the highlands and to the topmost ridges of the barrangos, and is never found 
naturally below an altitude of 400 feet, except on the Isleta, where the typical 
pisana does not exist. The var. grasseti is always found feeding on the Luphorbia 
balsamifera, while the typical pisana, which is exceedingly variable, swarms in 
the gardens, ete., feeding mostly on the Aloe (Agave americana) and the Prickly 
Pear (Opuntia dillenii) near the sea level, and is never found more than 100 feet 
above it, although a flourishing colony, evidently artilicially introduced, lives on 
the Palms in the gardens of Ste. Brigida Hotel, Monte, at an elevation of 1,150 
feet above the sea, 
