HELIX PISANA. 393 
In the various islands of the North Atlantic ocean—Madeiran, Canarian, 
and Azorean archipelagos—this species abounds and presents at certain 
points a more primitive facies. 
in North Africa, the species extends along the whole seaboard and far 
into the interior of Algeria and Morocco. It also abounds on the littoral 
of Algeria, ‘l'unis, Tripoli, Egypt, and Somaliland, and has been introduced 
and now occurs in vast profusion at various points in South Africa. 
In Asia, it abounds along the coast of Asia Minor, the sea of Marmora, 
the south-western shores of the Black Sea, and probably inhabits all the 
islands of the Aigean Sea and those adjacent to the mainland. It is also 
plentiful along the littoral of Palestine; and is reported by Mr. J. Bliss from 
the Caucasus at Tiflis and from the road-side near Ananaur at an altitude 
of 2,335 feet, two localities far removed from any known or recorded habitat. 
It is recorded by Baron Férussac and others as found in the United 
States, but it is unknown there, Mr. W. G. Binney regarding the records 
as probably erroneous, and based upon specimens of Hemitrochus varians. 
In the British Isles, its range though quite in harmony with its general 
distribution, is somewhat discontinuous, being as far as is known restricted 
to the Channel Islands, the south-western districts of England and Wales, 
and the east coast of Ireland; and though regarded by the late Dr. Mérch 
as introduced by the Romans to these islands, that belief is now shown to 
be unfounded by the discovery of its remains by Mr. J. Sinel in undis- 
turbed earth beneath Neolithic relics in the Channel Islands. 
ENGLAND AND WALES. 
Channel Isles—Helix pisana is found in Jersey and Guernsey, and probably 
exists in some other islets of the group. In Jersey, according to present knowledge, 
it is restricted to the south of the island, along the shores of St. Clement’s and St. 
Aubyn’s Bays, and to Green Island, all in the immediate vicinity of St. Helier’s. 
In Guernsey, it is found at Vale Castle, and fine and well coloured specimens 
are plentiful under the shade of the sea-wall at Vazon Bay ; at Bordeaux Harbour 
the shells are larger, thinner, and more translucent, with a good proportion of the 
var. albida, which is not found at Vazon. 
Dr. Lukis is credited with the introduction of H. pisana into Guernsey, having, 
according to his daughter, Mrs. Collings, brought over from Jersey in 1860 many 
living specimens, which he distributed at Vazon Bay and at Vale Castle. 
In Sark, Mrs. Collings records that her father: n 1860 also sent her about a 
dozen and a half Jersey shells for naturalization there, and that she placed them 
on the right bank going down towards the Port du Moulin, but although for a few 
years afterwards a shell or fragments of shell were occasionally observed, it is 
probable they have now entirely died out. 
Cornwall W.— Formerly and probably still in profusion at St. Ives, on the slopes 
of the hill descending into the town and chiefly about the promontory to the 
north. It is also recorded from Falmouth by Mr. W. P. Cocks, and specimens thus 
labelled are in the British Museum; by Dr. Leach from Whitesand Bay, and it has 
been found at Crantock near Newquay by Rev. A. H. Melvill. 
Devon N.—On the sandhills of Woolacombe and at Braunton Burrows (Besley’s 
North Devon, 1867, p. 125). 
Somerset N.—Enumerated by Dr. C. W. Viner among the species found by 
himself near Bath. 
Dorset—Recoriled by Dr. Pulteney as found on sandbanks between Lulworth 
and Weymouth, and recently discovered by the Rev. C. O. Pickard-Cambridge on 
Muston Down, Winterborne ! 
Sussex—Three specimens of Helix pisana formerly in the collection of the 
well-known botanist, the late Frederick Townsend, and now in the Haslemere 
Museum, were labelled ‘‘ H. pisana, Sussex, Mr. W. Hawker, 1850.” 
Essex N.— Recorded from Felstead by Mr. J. French, in error for 1. virgata 
(Essex Nat., Apr. 1888, p. 46). 
