“, 
432 HELICIGONA ARBUSTORUM. 
The var. picea is described as very thin, uniformly 
olive-brown, without paler fleckings. | Rossmiissler’s 
figure shows a diameter and altitude of 19 mill. 
This variety is typically the colour of pitch, but 
varies in substance from extreme tenuity and trans- 
Iucence to a certain degree of opacity, determined by 
the caleareous or siliceous soils upon which it lives. 
According to Dr. Servain, the H. arbustorwn var. Fic. 494.—H. arbustorum var. 
conica-nigra of Férussae is identical with var. picea. — ##¢e# Rossm. (after Rossmassler). 
The sub-var. gethiops is depressly globose, thin, of an uniformly olivaceous or 
fuscous black, and narrowly umbilicated. Diam. 145-21 mill. ; alt. 103-143 mill. 
(See Monog., pl. xxxv., f. 17). 
The sub-var. fusea is very thin and of a nearly uniform semitransparent brown, 
and according to Dr. Jeffreys, may or may not possess the darker band. (See Monog., 
pi xxRy eo): 
The sub-var. fagoti is thin, fragile, and transparent, with rounded strive, and 
of an uniform olivaceous tint without bands or marblings, differing from @fhiops in 
its smaller size and more globose form. Diam. 15 mill. ; alt. 10 mill. 
The sub-var. fragilis Esmark is small, very thin, and glossy, of a dark brown, 
with a few paler striw# and specks, aperture with a thin white rib. Diam. 15-17 mill. ; 
alt. 11°8-14 mill. 
The sub-var. fragilis Wattebled is of medium size, thin, and fragile, of a 
semi-transparent brown in tint, with yellow fleckings, and with or without the 
supraperipheral band. 
The sub-var. fulva is of a clear fawn with a few pale brown marks or flecks. 
The sub-var. membranaeea is very thin and transparent, but with colour and 
markings as in the typical form. The var. sylvestris, Judging by specimens from 
the Biilow collection, in the possession of Mr. E. Collier, is identical. 
The sub-var. Wittmanni is described as very thin, strongly striate, uniformly 
olivaceous in colour, and with or without the peripheral band. Diam. 20; alt. 13 mill. 
The sub-var. septentrionalis is thin and pellucid, of a rufous-brown colour, 
with a dark supra-peripheral band, and pale specklings. Diam. 19; alt. 14-15 mill. 
The sub-var. gotlandiea is a large, thin, pellucid, and banded form. Diam. 
25 mill. ; alt. 17 mill. 
ENGLAND AND WALES. 
Cornwall W.—Sub-var. jusea, Scilly Isles, W. H. Hatcher. 
Sussex E.—Sub-var. fusca, Eeclesbourne Glen, Hastings, G. H. Rowe. 
Surrey—Sub-var. fragilis, Mortlake, J. E. Cooper. 
Notts.—Sub-var. fragilis Esmark, Southwell, June 1884 ! Capt. Becher. 
Brecon—Sub-var. fusca, Clydach, 1909 ! F. H. Sikes. 
Merioneth—Sub-var. fusca, Dolgelly, Aug. 1901, H. R. Wakefield. 
Lancashire S.—Sub-var. fusca, Barlow Moor wood, July 1889, R. Standen. 
Clitheroe and Manchester, I. Stephenson. 
Lancashire Mid—Sub-v. fusca, waste ground by R. Lune, Laneaster, J. D. Dean. 
York S.W.—Sub-var. fusca, Oulton and Wentbridge, J. Wilcock. 
York N.W.—Sub-var. fusca, Coverdale, R. C. Chaytor. 
York S.E.—Snub-var fusca, feeding on wild parsnip, Fulford, York, W. J. 
Farrer. Barlby near Selby, weighing 5 grains, June 1911! J. F. Musham. Wressle 
and banks of River Derwent, T. Petech. Snb-var. fragilis Wattebled, Fulford road, 
York, 1896 ! H. Sowden. 
Westmorland—Sub-var. fusca, Kirkby Lonsdale, J. Davy Dean. 
Cumberland—Sub-var. fusca, Stanwix, Grinsdale, Wetheral, near Spa Well, and 
Carlisle, Mrs. Longstaff. 
SCOTLAND. 
Dumfries—Sub-var. fusca, feeding on garlic leaves, Bell Crag wood, Moffat, 
July 1882, Miss Hele. 
Lanark—Sub-var. fusca, Summerston, 1887! Alex. Shaw. 
Perth S.—Sub-var. fusca, on gneissic rock, 2,200 ft. alt., Craigmore, Aug. 1888 ! 
A. Somerville. Ben More, Rev. W. C. Hey. 
Sutherland W.—Sub-var. fusca, Assynt, 1882 ! W. Baillie. 
Sutherland E.—Sub-var. fusca, on a cold exposed rock, 800 feet above the sea, 
Loch Brora; and in a well wooded shady spot by Golspie Burn, Sep. 1883 ! W. Baillie. 
Orkneys—Sub-y. fusca, amongst heather, Howe, Harray, July 1906, C. E. Wright. 
Shetlands —Sub-var. fusca, Lunna ! Rev. A. M. Norman. Sub-var. fragilis 
Wattebled, Brough of Clickimin, Lerwick ! G. K. Gude, 
