a 
482 APPENDIX—HELIX ASPERSA. 
SUB-GENUS Cryptomphalus Agassiz. 
Helix aspersa is regarded by Caziot and Fagot as typical of the group 
Aspersiana, which they affirm originated in the African region, and as 
afterwards spreading into the Iberian peninsula and the Alpine regions. 
Dr. R. F. Scharff apparently regards the Mediterranean region as the 
theatre of the evolution of Heliz aspersa, while on the other hand Dr. 
Kobelt believes it arose in the north. 
Helix aspersa Miiller (see p. 236), 
Synonymy.—L. Brumati records as Helix grisea L. specimens of 
H. uspersa found at Monfalcone, Goritz, Austro-Hungary. 
Geological Distribution.—Comm. Caziot reports it as present in the 
post-tertiary deposits of the Alpes Maritimes. 
Variation.—The Helix aspersu from Grand Kabylie are more elongate, 
rugose, and deeper coloured than those from other parts of Algeria or Tunis: 
the specimens resemble the Helix mazzulii of Sicily, and are evidently an 
earlier form retreating before the more obliquely globose northern race. 
Var. solidissima Paulucci (see p. 257). 
Helix asfersa var. chottica Pallary, Comptes Rendus, 1900, p. 734, pl. xi., . 3. 
The sub-var. chottieca is described as being 
characterized by its small size, very globose form, 
and especially by its thick SHELL; the MOUTH is 
described as more cireular than that of any other 
variety. It would seem to have its most intimate 
relationship with the var. solidissima. 
NORTH AFRICA. 
Algeria—Found by Dr. Séguin at Ain-Sfissifa, 
south of Chott-el-Chergni, Algeria (Pallary, 
Comptes Rendus, 1900, p. 734, pl. xi., f. 3). Fic. 553.—Helix aspersa v. chottica 
Pallary. Algeria (after Pallary). 
Var. conoidea Moquin-T'andon (see p. 253). 
Helix ashersa v. antigua Caziot & Maury, Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr., vol. xxv., p. 45, pl.i., f. 1, 1912. 
The sub-var. antiqua is described as conically elevated, with much less globose 
body-whorl than in the type form, and a much smaller and more oblique aperture, 
which is much higher than broad. The whole shell has much analogy with Helix 
pyrgia Bourgnignat. 
FRANCE. 
The var. conoidea is relatively common about Aix, Bouches-du-Rhéne; found 
also at Angers, Maine-et-Loire; and a conical variety occurs at Col-de- Brouis and 
at Berre, Alpes Maritimes. 
The sub-var. antigua is found fossilized in the Pleistocene sandy-clays of Mont- 
alban, near Nice, associated with marine shells derived from the Upper Pliocene. 
Var. exalbida Moquin-T'andon (see p. 259). 
Helix aspersa var. albescens Germain, Moll. Angers, 1903, p. 84. 
Classification and Affinities. — Dr. Germain describes his var. 
albescens as whitish or yellowish without fasciation, and it is, therefore, 
properly classified with the var. eva/bida and is not identical with the 
var. albescens of Picard and Moquin-T'andon, as implied by Dr. Germain, 
which is described as whitish with reddish fasciz or flammulations, and, 
therefore, more properly belonging to the fasciate group. 
Dr. Germain states that his variety was found in Maine-et-Loire by 
'Terver, but only on calcareous ground, and mentions Aubigné, Louerre, 
and by the lime-kilns about Angers as localities. 
