APPENDIX—HELIX ASPERSA. 483 
Var. fasciata Picard (see p. 263). 
Helix aspersa var. albina-/asciata Germain, Moll. Angers, 1903, p. 84. 
Helix aspersa var. fasciata Germain, op. cit., p. 84. 
Helix aspersa var, coalita Germain, op. cit., p. 85. 
The sub-var. fasciata Germain is described as having a grey, brown or blackish 
ground colour, sometimes maculate with yellow, with 1-5 yellowish, fawn coloured, 
or blackish bands. 
The sub-var. albina-fasciata is described as whitish or yellowish, ornate with 
1-5 pale grey, brown, or blackish bands, the five-banded specimens usually having 
the third and fourth bands coalesced. , 
The sub-var. eoalita Germain is described as brown or blackish, somtimes 
maculate with yellow, with 1-5 bands, which are variously coalesced, the bands 
3 and 4, or 3, 4, and 5, being most frequently united, the first and second bands 
more rarely. 
FRANCE. 
Maine-et-Loire—Sub-var. a/bina-fasciata is uncommon about Angers, and only 
found on caleareous ground. = Sub-var. fasciata Germain is rather common about 
lime-kilns, ete., Angers, and in vine-yards at Briollay. Sub-var. coalita is very 
common everywhere about Angers. i 
Var. nigrescens Moquin-T'andon (see p. 262). 
Helix aspersa var. concolor Germain, Moll. Angers, 1903, p. 84. 
Synonymy.— Dr. Germain describes as common about Angers a var. 
concolor characterized by a brown or blackish shell, without bands or 
maculatious, which he evidently regards as synonymous with and com- 
bining together Moquin-T'andon’s vars. nigrescens and unicolor. 
Var. glabra Calcara (see p. 259). 
ENGLAND. 
Lincoln N.—This variety, previously known only from Sicily, has been found 
to inhabit the churchyard at Rand, near Wragby, by Mr. J. F. Musham. 
Monst. sinistrum [*érussac (see p. 267). 
ENGLAND. 
Cornwall W.— Roadside between Newquay and Porth, June 1908 ! T. H. Cribb. 
Kent E.—A dead specimen picked up at Kearsney, near Dover, H. C. Huggins. 
SuB-GENUS Cepwa Held (see p. 274). 
This group, according to Comm. Caziot, arose in the ‘Taurian region, and 
has spread therefrom, dwindling in size in the Alpine region, and dis- 
appearing in the Lusitanian or Spanish region. 
Dr. L. Germain, on the other hand, acquiesces in the opinion of M. 
Bourguignat, that the group originated in Central Asia, /elix atrolubiata 
Kryn. being regarded as probably the ancestral form, or most closely 
related thereto, spreading westward into Europe by the Danubian valley, 
evolving in its course /elix stuuropolitana now inhabiting the Caucasian 
region, from which arose //elix depereta Loc. (a shell of large size, from the 
tufa beds of Baume-d’Hostun, Isére, which recalls the //. atrolubiata), 
and the Central European Helix austriaca, the latter originating Helix 
nemoralis var. subaustriaca and the south-westerly Helix sylvatica. he 
Helix depereta is assumed to have been the immediate ancestor of //eli 
hortensis, which is erroneously considered to be the latest evolved member 
of the group, while Helix nemoralis is affirmed to be jointly originated by 
Helix depereta and Helix subaustriaca, 
