November 1S91.] 



PSYCHE. 



179 



body is speckled with small black spots on 

 the sides and on the back of the anterior seg- 

 ments. Feet yellowish, the anal pair white 

 with a narrow, longitudinal black line, and 

 tipped with yellow. 



Fifth stage. Width of head 3.3 mm. Ver- 

 tical lines geminate, somewhat pulverulent 

 on a white ground; color green, labrum 

 whitish, mouth parts purple-red ; ocelli black ; 

 cervical shield narrowly yellow in front, 

 smooth, without tubercles.* The body is 

 marked as before, the dorsal lines white, the 

 subdorsal yellow, the stigmatal absent. In 

 one example the lines were partly obsolete 

 especially in the fourth stage. As the pres- 

 ent stage advances white shades appear in . 

 the space enclosed by the anterior supple- 

 mentary dorsal lines and below the subdor- 

 sal line on joint 13 while the subdorsal line 

 becomes partly white. The lateral region of 

 the body is dark green with purple dots, the 

 dorsal region yellowish green with a general 

 faint white shading. On one, a pink spot 

 appeared in the subdorsal band on joint 7. 



Cocoon. The larvae enter the ground and 

 spin an extremely slight web of silk. 



Pupa. Of normal shape, cylindrical, the 

 body punctured and cases creased; antennae 

 cases prominent. The cremaster consists of 

 two parallel spines, twisted a little near the 

 snd and barbed, each bearing two little spurs 

 the anterior one pointing inward, the poster- 

 ior one outward. A curved row of six sub- 

 cubical granulations is situated at the pos- 

 terior edge of the thorax. Color shining 

 mahogany red, darker on the cases. Length 

 19 mm ; width 5 mm. 



The species is occasionally double-brooded 

 and the winter is passed in the pupa state. 



Food plants. Oak (Que reus}, Witch-hazel 

 (Hamamelis), Hickory (Carya), Chestnut 

 (Castanea) and Birch (Betula). 



Larvae from Dutchess and Ulster counties, 

 N. Y. 



Dryopteris rosea Walker. 



1S55. Walk., Cat. Brit, mus., V, 1164. Dre- 

 fiana. 



1887. Grote, Can. ent., XIX, 50. 

 18S8. Dyar, Ent. amer., IV, 179. 

 1890. Packard. Proc. Bost. soc. nat. hist., 

 XXIV, 4S9. 



This species is double brooded. The moths 

 of the first brood appear about the middle of 

 June and from eggs laid by them the sum- 

 mer larvae are produced which develop into 

 moths towards the end of August. The sec- 

 ond brood of larvae hibernate exposed on the 

 stems of the food plant in the fourth or fifth lar- 

 val stages and complete their transformations 

 in the following spring, emerging as perfect 

 insects in June. There appear to be six 

 stages. f There is not much change in col- 

 oration except that during hibernation the 

 color is of a uniform brown, resembling the 

 color of the twigs of the food plants, and at 

 maturity it is very variable, often decidedly 

 greenish, resembling the leaves upon which 

 the larvae rest. I have already noted how 

 the larvae are protected from observation in 

 their early stages. 



The cocoon is formed of silk inside of the 

 rolled edge of a leaf. 



The pupa is cylindrical, a little flattened 

 ventrally; eyes and wing cases prominent; 

 blunt at both ends, the head almost square; 

 the abdominal segments not tapering but the 

 last square and blunt. Cremaster a short 

 thick rounded prominence which is smooth. 

 The body is punctured dorsally, the wing 

 cases finely creased. Color brownish yellow, 

 the head, thorax and anal segment heavily 

 shaded with blackish brown while the cases 

 and back are also shaded, but less heavily. 

 Eyes black; spiracles dark brown. Length 

 11 mm. ; Avidth 4 mm. 



Food plants — Viburnum acerifolium, V. 

 lentago and V. dentation. 



Not uncommon on its food plants in Dutch- 

 ess and Ulster Counties, New York. 



* Differing markedly from Dr. Packard's description- 



tSee Psyche, vol. 5, page 421. 



