May 1S93.] 



PSYCHE. 



455 



DESCRIPTION OF THE PUPA OF TOXOPHORA VIRGATA O. S. 



BY C. H. TYLER TOWNSEND. 



The description given below has been 

 drawn from a pupal skin of Toxophora 

 virgata O. S., sent me with the fly for 

 determination by Professor C. P. 

 Gillette, who bred the species at Fort 

 Collins, Colo., from the nest of a wasp 

 belonging to the genus Odynerus. Dr. 

 Fr. Brauer, in his work on dipterous 

 larvae (Denkschr. math.-natur. kais. 

 akad. wissensch. 1883, bd. xlvii, pp. 

 27-2S), mentions the characters of the 

 pupae of the European Anthrax Jlava 

 L. and Bojnbylius major L., and gives 

 a rather diagrammatic figure of a false 

 pupa of Argyramoeba tripunctata 

 Meig. Dr. T. Algernon Chapman 

 gave a detailed description of the pupa 

 of B. major five years before (Ent. mo. 

 mag. 1878, v. xiv, pp. 198-200) ; it has 

 been figured by Imhoff (Isis, 1834), an ^ 

 later by Westwood (Intr. class, ins. v. 

 ii, p. 538). Dr. C. V. Riley has 

 described and figured the pupae of Sys- 

 toechus areas O. S. and Triodites mus 

 O. S. (Rep. U. S. ent. comm. ii, pp. 

 267-269) . These, if I am not mis- 

 taken, are about the only genera the 

 pupae of which have been described. 

 The following description will there- 

 fore be of interest as furnishing the first 

 definition of the pupal characters in the 

 genus Toxophora, and also as showing 

 the very material differences in pupal 

 structure between this genus and those 

 that have been previously studied. 



It will be noticed that the pupal seg- 

 ment which Dr. Brauer calls the first 

 abdominal, I have termed the scutellar. 

 I used the term merely as a matter of 

 convenience, and before referring to 

 Dr. Brauer's work. It, however, seems 

 preferable to designate this segment by 

 some other name than that used by 

 Brauer, since it does not pertain to any 

 part of the abdomen of the perfect 

 insect, but, dorsally, encloses the scu- 

 tellum which belongs to the mesothorax. 

 I have therefore adhered to the term 

 scutellar segment, and designate the 

 segments which follow as the 1st to the 

 8th abdominal, the 8th being also called 

 the anal. 



Dr. Chapman must have been in 

 error when he stated (1. c. 200) that no 

 parts of the perfect fly were formed in 

 the cephalic horns. It is very apparent 

 that the first antennal joint of Toxo- 

 phora is encased in the upper pair of 

 horns described below, the second joint 

 being reflexed beneath it, and the pecu- 

 liar awl-shaped third joint being encased 

 in the spine-shaped posterior process of 

 the lower pair of horns. The upper 

 pair is hollow except the tips, and 

 divided longitudinally by a chitinous 

 septum. 



Pupa of Toxophora virgata O. S. — Whit- 

 ish, with more or less of a flavous tinge, 

 especially the sternal portions and wing 

 and leg sheaths; cephalic horns rufous 

 brown, tips nearly black ; proboscideal sheath 



