[Case 80. } 
130 BIRD GALLERY. 
by marked differences in the shape of the bill. To the former belong 
the Hawfinch (Coccothraustes) (2404) and Greenfinch (Chloris) (2412), 
both well-known British species, as well as a large number of thick- 
billed forms, such as the brilliantly coloured Crested Cardinals 
(Cardinalis) (2411), chiefly found in America. 
Of the Fringilline many are included in the British List. Those that 
breed are the Chaffinch (2419), Goldfinch (2422), Siskin (2426), 
Linnet (2483), Lesser Redpoll (2434), Twite (2431), House-Sparrow 
(2439), Tree-Sparrow (2438), Crossbill (2454), and Bullfinch (2461) ; 
the Brambling (2420) and Mealy Redpoll (2432) are winter-visitors ; 
while the Serin Finch (2457), Citril (2457a), Snow-Finch (2457), 
Parrot Crossbill (2458), Two-banded Crossbill (2459), Rose-Finch 
(2458), and Pine-Grosbeak (2509) are accidental visitors. ‘he Crossbill 
is an instance of peculiar modification, the mandibles crossing each 
other in front, and enabling the bird not only to open fir-cones, on 
the seeds of which it principally feeds, but to use its bill for climbing 
like a Parrot. Other notable forms are the Saffron-Finches (Sycalis) 
(2447) of South America, frequently kept as cage-birds, but generally too 
pugnacious to live with other species ; the handsome Rhynchostruthus 
socotranus (2484 a), peculiar to the island of Sokotra; and the brilliant 
scarlet Sepoy-Finch (Carpodacus sipahi) (2449) from the Himalaya. 
The Buntings (Emberizine) are also well represented in the British 
List, the breeding-species being the Common or Corn- (2467), Yellow 
(2471), Cirl (2470), Reed- (2463), and Snow- (2478) Buntings, while 
the Black-headed (2462), Ortolan (2465), Yellow-breasted (2466), 
Siberian Meadow- (2475), Meadow- (2475 a), Rustic (2476), Little 
(2477), Large-billed Reed- (2463 a), and Lapland (2474) Buntings are 
accidental visitors. A large number of American genera are also 
included in this group; some, such as Cyanospiza (2482-4) and 
Paroaria (2506), containing brightly coloured species. 
Family XXXIII. Caresipa#. AMERICAN CREEPERS. 
The American Creepers or Quit-Quits are a nine-primaried family, 
allied to the Tanagers, but in their habits and other points they resemble 
the Tits (Paride) and Creepers (Certhiide) of the Old World. The bill 
is usually slender, sometimes conical or strongly hooked at the tip as 
in Diglossa (2516-9), and the extensile tongue is forked and fringed at 
the extremity. They belong exclusively to the tropical forest-clad parts 
of the New World, ranging from Southern Florida to Bolivia and 
South-east Brazil. Like the Tanagers, their plumage is a combination 
of the brightest colours, and hence some species, such as the Blue Creeper 
(Cyanerpes cyanea) (2528), have become an article of trade for the orna- 
mentation of women’s hats, The Banana-Quit (Cwreba flaveola) (2529) 
