Nests in Holes in Trees, Stumps, or Logs 
402. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker: Sphyrapicus varius 
(Linn.) 
Adult 4—Upper parts black, white, and pale lemon; top of head 
scarlet ; a broad white line from bill beneath the eye ; throat 
deep scarlet, bordered with black ; black also on the breast ; 
belly pale lemon yellow; side streaked roughly with blackish. 
Adult 2 —No scarlet ; the breast grayish. Length—8.56. 
Breeding Range—From the northern United States northward. 
The nest is ina hole in a tree, usually from 30 to 45 feet from 
the ground. 5 to 7 not very highly polished white eggs are laid. 
Size—.85 x .60. 
In speaking of this bird, Mr. Brewster mentions the dead 
birch as being preferred to any other tree for nesting purposes, 
and the locality chosen is usually not far from water. 
405. Pileated Woodpecker: Ceophlceus pileatus (Linn.) 
Adult 4—Upper parts black, and line below cheek scarlet ; rest 
of head mostly whitish ; under parts blackish ; throat white. 
Adult 2? —Without the red. Length—17.00. 
Breeding Range—Rare throughout the Eastern States from Canada 
southward, except in the thickly wooded regions remote 
from civilization. 
The excavation for the nest is usually in the upper part of 
a tall tree, sometimes as much as eighty feet from the ground. 
3 to 5 glossy white eggs are laid. Size—1.30 x .96. 
This is the second largest of our woodpeckers ; in fact, the 
novice has often mistaken him for the ivory-billed, but he differs 
- greatly in his habits, and is much less wild. In Maine I have 
watched them hammering at the large evergreen trees within a 
few feet of where I was standing, and they did not appear to 
object to my presence. 
406. Red-headed Woodpecker: Melanerpes 
erythrocephalus (Linn.) 
Adult—Entire head and throat crimson ; back, tail, and primaries 
black ; rump, tail coverts, and belly white. Length—9.75. 
Breeding Range—From northern New York southward ; rare in 
New England. 
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