14 
the surroundings so perfectly that it is almost impossible to be 
certain at the distance of a few paces, whether one still knows 
exactly where she is. 
Upon the open bogs there breed a motley collection of 
arctic or sub-alpine birds, mingled with coast forms and more 
southern species. Here occur the Red-throated Pipit (Anthus 
cervinus), the Common Snipe (Gallinago celestis), the Great Snipe 
(G. major), Temminck’s Stint (Tvinga temminchi), Curlew and 
Whimbrel, several Sandpipers (Totanus glareola, T. canescens, and 
T. calidvis), the Red-necked Phalarope* (Phalavopus hyperboreus), 
and various ‘‘ broad-billed” or ‘‘gray” Ducks (Anas, Mavreca, 
Dajfila, &c.). 
And among the common European small-bird fauna, we shall 
also find various true songsters resident here, as the Redstart 
(Ruticilla phenicurus), Hedge-sparrow (Accentor modularis), the two 
Fly-catchers, the White Wagtail, and many others. The White 
Wagtail follows mankind right up to the most northerly point of 
the land inhabited—the fishing-station on Gjesver by North 
Cape. 
Hither come, as more or less accidental visitants, the 
Starling, the Swallow, the Sky-Lark, the Woodcock, the Land- 
rail, and also the Quail, besides several others. 
In the winter the birch woods of Tromsé remain nearly 
deserted, and at that time, besides the Willow Grouse, one 
meets with only an occasional Scandinavian- or Northern-Marsh 
Tit (Parus borealis), and the Lesser Spotted Woodpecker (Dendro- 
copus minor), some Yellowhammers, Mealy Redpolls, Bullfinches, 
a solitary Tree-creeper (Certhia familiaris), some Golden-crested 
Wrens (Regulus cristatus), and also rarely—the Longtailed Tit 
(Acredula caudata), this last being of course the type-race with the 
entirely white heads the only form which occurs in Norway. 
(The young in nestling plumage have, however, dark eye-stripes. ) 
Lastly, we must mention among the stationary species, the 
three well-known relations—the Magpie, the Hooded Crow, and 
the Raven. All these go up as far to the north as men and 
food are to be found, and the Magpie builds its large nest on the 
faggot-piles by the houses even on Gjzsveer, directly by the 
* Norwegian, Svpmmesneppe=Swimming Sandpiper. 
