7 
TURDUS. 29 
In Rocky Mountain skins, the tail is either black except a very 
narrow whitish edge, or the white tips of eastern specimens are re- 
placed by a dull gray. The black of the head, too, is better defined, 
the interscapular feathers more uniformly ash, and the upper parts 
without the faint brownish wash so frequently seen in eastern speci- 
mens. ‘There are, however, some exceptions to these features, in the 
series from each locality. The eolors generally of western birds 
appear to be paler. 
It may be proper to state that, while in spring adult specimens 
the bill 1s yellow with the extreme tip dusky, in immature, and per- 
haps winter dress, there is every gradation from this to a uniformly 
dusky bill. The entire culmen is frequently tinged with brown. 
In none of the specimens before me is the head entirely destitute 
of its brown or blackish color, although the edges of the feathers 
are frequently so much tinged with ash as greatly to obscure this 
character. 
The bills vary considerably in length—the shortest measuring :50 
from tip to nostrils, the average being barely .60. 
A specimen from Mirador, Mex. (No. 23,908), agrees generally 
with skins from the United States, but the throat anteriorly is so 
closely streaked with black as to exceed the white in amount, this 
color being restricted principally to the chin. 
This species is found throughout the whole of North America, 
north to the Arctic Ocean, wherever collections have been made, 
and as far south as the latitude of Vera Cruz. No species are more 
generally distributed in North America than this bird and Dendraca 
zstiva. I find no mention of its occurrence south of Mexico. 
I mention only the extra limital specimens of the many skins in 
the Smithsonian collection. 
| 
Smith-, Collee-| Sex 
aaa tor’s | and Locality. me | Received from Collected by 
No. No. | Age. re | 
7.949 ac se Mexico. Lop | ped PGOULES. ERY WM Se ters 
13,581 Se S os | ie J. Taylor. 
23,908 no Ae Mirador, Mex. | Dr. C. Sartorius. |  ...... 
Turdus confimis. 
Turdus confinis, BatrD, 0. s. 
Hab. Todos Santos, Cape St. Lucas. 
No. 23,789. Entire upper parts and sides of head and neck uni- 
form grayish ash, with perhaps a faint tinge of olivaceous, less than 
in eastern specimens of JT. migratorius. The central portions of the 
