196 REVIEW OF AMERICAN BIRDS. [PART I. 
?Sylvia rathbonia, Aup. Orn. Biog. I, 1831, pl. 65.—Sylvicola r. Aun. 
B. A. II, pl. 89. 
? Motacilla rubiginosa, Pauuas, Zoog. Rosso-Asiat. I, 1831, 496 (Kodiak). 
Rhimamphus chryseolus, Bon. Bull. Soc. Linn. Caen, I, 1851, 32 (D. 
estiva, from South America; Cayenne). 
OruerR Locauities: Xalapa, Scuater, P. Z. §. 1859, 363.— Guatemala, 
Sciater & Satviy, Ibis, 1859, 11.—Panama, winter, Lawn. Ann. 
N. Y. Lye. 1861, 322.—Turbo, N. Grenada, Cass. Pr. A. N. Se. 
1860, 191.—Bogotu, Scuarer, Pr. 1855, 143.—City of Mexico, Is. 
1864, 172. 
Hab. Entire North America, into South America as far as Ecuador, Cayenne, 
and Trinidad. Not recorded from West Indies, where replaced by allied species. 
No North American bird has a wider range throughout the entire 
continent, or is more abundant and familiar, breeding apparently as 
far south as Mazatlan if not through Central America. Its range 
into South America is also quite extensive, reaching Ecuador through 
New Grenada, and eastward as far as Cayenne and Trinidad. I have 
sought in vain for tangible characters to distinguish more than one 
species, apparent discrepancies in single southern specimens having 
been matched by others from the United States. 
A skin from Costa Rica (30,487) appears to have more yellow 
than usual on the inside of the quills, and a considerable amount of 
red on the head; not more, however, than in upper Missouri speci- 
mens. Others exhibit occasional differences from the typical char- 
acter, but nothing of apparent specific value. A specimen from 
Guatemala, probably female, is much smaller than any other in the 
collection, measuring only 4.00; wing, 2.25; tail, 1.85. 
If there is any feature apparently belonging more to southern 
than northern skins it is a greater paleness of bill, and a tendency 
to a narrow line of dusky along the outer side of shaft of outer tail 
feather, reaching to its base, instead of only about half way. Even 
this, however, is not constant, and may be more a condition of winter 
plumage than anything else. 
I have not noticed in young birds the peculiar whiteness of the 
throat and ash of the sides of head and nape, seen in D. petechia. 
Specimens (about 200 in all) are in the collection from nearly all 
regions of North America, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and 
north to the Arctic Ocean ; from Forts Yukon, Good Hope, Ander- 
son, Simpson, Rae (where very abundant), Resolution; Moose 
Factory, etc. (None from Cape St. Lucas ?): also— 
