446 REVIEW OF AMERICAN BIRDS. [PART I. 
1857, 213.—Scrater, P. Z. 8. 1864, 173 (City of Mexico).—Collyrio 
excubitoroides, Barrp, Birds N. Am. 1858, 327. 
? Lanius mexicanus, Breum. Cab. Jour. II, 1854, 145.—Scrarer, Catal. 
1861, 46 (Mexico). 
Lanius ludovicianus, Max. Cab. Jour. 1858, 191 (Upper Missouri). 
Hab. Western province of North America, as far north as California ; Middle 
North America, to the Saskatchewan, and east to Wisconsin, Michigan and 
Illinois; south to Orizaba and Oaxaca, and City of Mexico; Cape St. Lucas. 
(No. 38,423? 4; Laramie Peak.) Graduation of tail rather less than one- 
fourth of its total length. Fourth quill longest; 3d scarcely shorter; then 
the 5th; 2d longer than 6th; exposed portion of Ist about half that of longest. 
Above pure light bluish-ash; beneath, including axillars, pure unbroken 
white. A ey narrow frontal line with all the nasal feathers, and continu- 
ous with a broad stripe 
through and behind eye, 
involving entire ear cov- 
erts, with the wings and” 
tail, bill and feet, deep 
black (the lesser wing 
coverts, however, like the 
back); the cheek stripe 
extending narrowly 
above the eye and 
broadly below it, and 
not varied with white 
on the lower eyelid. 
The forehead and side 
of vertex in contact with 
Collyrio excubitoroides, Barrp. (Laramie Peak.) the black Stripe, as 
(All the figures three-fourths natural size.) far as posterior border 
of eye, hoary, almost 
pure white, shading off quite abruptly into the ash of head; the scapular 
feathers, where they overlap the wings, as well as upper tail coverts, similarly 
white, and shading into the adjacent ash; the coverts, however, slightly 
glossed with ashy, especially above. The tips of the secondary quills, and 
a conspicuous patch across the base of the primaries (visible externally in 
the closed wing) are white ; this involves both webs of the primaries (except 
perhaps the Ist), and extends about as far as the tip of the 1st primary, 
occupying more and more space from the outer to the middle quills. The 
secondaries are edged internally, as well as tipped with white; this color 
usually mixed with grayish, occupying rather the larger portion of the web 
towards the base, but not abruptly defined as in the primaries, and only 
reaching the shaft at the extreme base, and that obliquely. Outer two tail 
feathers entirely white, except a wash of dusky along the shaft (greatest in 
extent on the 2d feather) ; the 3d feather is white with rather more than the 
central third black ; the fourth feather is black, with the extreme base and 
