176 BIRDS OF SOUTH AFRICA. 



rather slender ; the outer toe rather longer than the inner, 

 and united at the base ; the hind toe long ; the claws long, 

 curved, and very^ acute. 



349. Pastor RoseUS. (Linn.) pi. Enl., 251 ; Le 

 Vail., No. 90 ; Turdus Seleucis, Gmel., Gould's B. of 

 Europe, 212 ; Cuv., Vol. 6, p. 392. 



General colour of body, pale rose-colour ; head crested, and 

 with the neck, throat, wings, and tuil, shining black. 



Le Vaillant states that tliis bird penetrates as far as 24° south, latitude 

 in South Africa, and that he killed specimens within that range. This is 

 denied by all subsequent authors ; and I believe the species never visits 

 South Africa. It has certainly never appeared in any of the collections 

 I have examined ; and some have been made up as far as the Zambezi. 



Three other birds belonging to this family, and allied to this genus, 

 have been, on various authorities, wrongly cited as South African. I 

 include them in this list, without defining the generic characters, as 

 they are well-known Indian forms. 



350. Sturnus Oapensis, Cuv., Vol. 7, p. 173 ; 



Sturnopaster Contra. 



Black ; white beneath ; round the eye, bare and orange- 

 coloured ; patch of white on sides of face. 



'•' Cape of Good Hope." — Cuv., loc. cit. ; but is really an Indian 

 species. 



351. Hetoerornis Gingianus. (Lath.) Cuvier, 



Vol. 6, p. 423 ; Acridotheres Gingianvs, Bp. Consp., 

 419; Gracula Grisea, Uaud., Shaw., Vol. 7, p. 

 469; Le Martin Gris-de-fer, Le Vail., PI, 95, £2. 



Orbital spot, naked; behind, acute; above, iron-grey; 

 crown and cheeks, black ; beneath, reddish ; quills, pur- 

 plish-black ; primaries, white based ; four wing- coverts on 

 each side, reddish tipped. Length, 6" 9'". 



Le Vaillant says he found a flock of these birds passing over the 

 mountains of Bruin tjes Hoogte, but observed none in other parts of 

 South Africa. It is an Indian bird, and probably Le Vaillant' s state- 

 ment is false. 



352. HetcBrornis Pagodarum, Gmei.; Cuv., 



Vol. 6, p. 423 ; T. Melanocephalus, Wahl. ; T. Mala- 

 baricus, Gm. ; Le Martin Brartie, Le Vail., PI. 95, f 1. 

 General colour, creamy-grey ; head crested, black ; wings 

 and tail black ; the two centre-feathers of the latter ruddy- 

 grey. Length, 7". 

 Le Vaillant states he found this species on the northern bank of the 



