wh 
was found, but here the renal papillae of the two larger lobes, and 
the small one associated with the posterior lobe of this side, converge 
somewhat, so that an appearance approaching that of the normal 
conical mass or papilla of the cat’s kidney is formed. 
The lobed condition of the kidneys in this case, therefore, is 
evidently the result of interrupted coalescence of lobules, in the 
embryonic stage, caused, probably, by mechanical agencies. It may 
be imagined that if fusion between the two kidneys took place before 
intimate coalescence of the lobules had been attained, and this fusion 
did not involve the anterior poles of the kidneys, that as a conse- 
quence of the fusion and subsequent disturbing movements of adjacent 
organs, the parts not concerned in the fusion might become gradually 
dissociated from the larger fused and less easily influenced posterior 
mass of kidney. The degree of bilateral symmetry presented seems 
to favor this view rather than the possibility that an abnormal sepa- 
ration of renal lobules preceded the fusion between the caudal poles 
of the two kidneys. 
Compared with horseshoe kidneys of human subjects, fusion in 
the present instance appears to have taken place at a later period 
than is usual for this type of abnormality. The origin of the renal 
arteries with respect to the location of the kidney indicates that a 
slight secondary displacement caudad, of the organ has taken place. 
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