20 KEY AND FLORA 



e. P. radia'ta Don (P. insig'nis Dougl.). Monterey Pine. Leaves 

 3 in a sheath, 4-6 in. long, slender, lax, closely serrate, bright green, 

 densely clustered. Cones encircling the stein, dejiexed on short stems, 

 pointed, curved inwards, owing to the difference beticeen the inner and 

 outer scales. The cones remain on the tree two or more years without 

 opening. This pine is most extensively cultivated in California for 

 wind-breaks. It grows nearly 100 ft. in height. 



/. P. attenua'ta Lemmon (P. tubercula'ta Gord.). Knob-cone Pine. 

 Leaves 3 in a sheath, 4-7 in. long. Cones in ichorls, often with several 

 whorls in a hunch, strongly refiexed on short stems, oblique, tapering to 

 a very narrow base, with the apex pointed ; the outer scales are 

 enlarged and conical, the inner flatter, both tipped with stout prickles. 

 The cones persist on the stems and branches many years without 

 opening. This is a small tree and often begins to bear cones when 

 a foot or two high. It is found in the Coast Mountains and in the 

 foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. 



g. P. Sabinia'na Dougl. Xut Pine, Bull Pine, Digger Pine. 

 Leaves 3 in a sheath, 8-12 in. long, light glaucous green, slender, droop- 

 ing : cones massive, short-oval, 6-10 in. long, 5-7 in. in diameter 

 near the base, deflexed on short, stout stems ; scales with stout, claw-like 

 projections. The nuts are edible and have a stony shell, and formed 

 an important part of the food of the Digger Indians. This tree 

 generally has loose spreading branches and is very graceful. The 

 long light-green foliage easily distinguishes it from other pines. The 

 cones often remain on the branches several years after the seeds have 

 fallen out. This pine is the most common in the foothills of the 

 Sierra Nevada Mountains and in the valleys of the Coast Mountains. 



CLASS II. — AN'GIOSPERMS 



Plants with a closed ovary, in which the seeds are matured. 

 Cotyledons 1-2. 



SUBCLASS I. — MONOCOTYLED'ONOUS PLANTS 



Stems with the fibro-vascular bundles scattered amid the 

 parenchyma cells (/. Pig. 52 ; e. Fig. 54) ; in perennial plants 

 no annual rings of wood. Leaves usually parallel-veined, 

 alternate, nearly entire. Parts of the flower generally in 

 threes (never in fives). Cotyledon 1. 



