46 KEY AND FLORA 



branched prickles. This blooms chiefly in the summer and 

 fall, and is generally fruiting at the same time. 



a. C. chrysophyl'la A. DC. Golden-leaved Chinquapin. Leaves 

 lanceolate, pointed, dark green above, golden below. This is generally 

 a shrub, but becomes a large beautiful tree in Mendocino County. 



h. C. semper'virens Dudley. Leaves ohovate-ohlong, obtuse at apex. 

 This is the species of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. 



m. COR'YLUS, Hazelnut 



Staminate flowers in slender, droojnng catkms, each flower 

 consisting of 8 stamens with 1-celled anthers. Pistillate 

 flowers several, grouped in a scaly bud, each consisting of a 

 single ovary in the axil of a bract, and with a smaller bract 

 on each side. Ovary 2-celled, 2-ovuled (one seed only matur- 

 ing). Stigmas 2, bright red, long and slender. Nut roundish, 

 enclosed in a fringed cup. 



C. rostra'ta Ait. var. Califor'nica A. DC. Shrubby. Leaves slightly 

 heart-shaped. Staminate flowers drooping, very numerous; con- 

 spicuous on the leafless stems of winter. Involucre completely 

 covering the nut, and prolonged into a beak above it. This is 

 common in the woods along the coast. It blooms very early. 



ARISTOLOCHIA'CE^. Dutchman's Pipe Family 



Shrubs or perennial herbs. Leaves heart or kidney shaped, 

 palmately veined. Perianth adnate to the 6-celled ovary, 

 greenish brown, regular or irregular. Stamens 6-12, attached 

 to the style, with anthers opening outwards. Styles 6, united 

 at base. 



I. AS' ARUM, Wild Ginger 



Low herbs. Leaves and flowers springing from creeping root- 

 stocks which have the odor of ginger. Leaves large, kidney- 

 shaped, on long petioles. Flowers erect, hell-shaped, with 3 

 divisions hearing long tails. Stamens 12, almost free from the 

 style. Capsule round. Seeds large, 2 rows in each cell. 



a. A. cauda'tum LindL Flowers on slender pedicels. Divisions 

 of the perianth with tails from 1 to 3 in. long. This grows in damp, 

 shady places under the trees in the Coast Mountains. 



