KEY TO SOME FAMILIES OF PHANEROGAMS 



GYMNOSPERMS. Ovules not enclosed in an ovary. 



Trees or shrubs, usually with needle-shaped or scale-like evergreen leaves and 

 monoecious or dioecious flowers in catkins, the pistillate ones usually ripening 

 into cones (Coniferse), Fine Family, p. 13 



ANGIOSPERMS. Ovules in an ovary. 



MONOCOTYLEDONS. Flowers generally on plan of 3, never of 5 ; leaves 

 usually parallel-veined. 



Glumaceocs division. Flowers rudimentary, enclosed in husk-like 

 'bracts. 

 Bracts for each flower 2 ; stems jointed, hollow, cylindrical or nearly 



so (Gramineae), Grass Family, p. 21 



Bracts for each flower 1; stems not jointed, solid, triangular 



(Cyperacese), Sedge Family, p. 22 



Petaloideods division. Flowers havmg a true perianth ; not on a spadix. 

 Ovary free from the perianth. Stamens 6 



(Liliacese), Lily Family, p. 23 

 Ovary adnate to the perianth. 



Stamens 6 . (Amaryllldacese), Century Plant Family, p. 36 



Stamens 3 (Iridacese), Lis Family, p. 37 



Stamens 1 or (rarely) 2 . . (Orchidaceae), Orchis Family, p. 39 



DICOTYLEDONS. Flowers generally on the plan of 4 or 5. In woody 

 plants the woody fiber forms concentric rings. 

 Division I. Apetal^. With but one set of floral envelopes or none. 

 Flowers in catkins. Trees or shrubs. 



Dioecious, 1 flower to each scale of the catkin; fruit a many-seeded pod, 

 each seed furnished with a tuft of cotton 



(Salicacese), Willow Family, p. 40 



Monoecious ; sterile catkins drooping ; fertile, erect, cone-like, with 1 or 

 2 flowers under each stiff, shield-shaped scale 



(Betulaceae), Alder Family, p. 42 

 5 



