DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 161 



axillary placenta, or l-celled witli parietal placentge. Capsule 

 many-seeded, the seeds with endosperm. 



DOWNIN'GIA, GARDEXERs' XAME Clinto'nia 



Low and spreading smooth annuals, growing in low, wet 

 places that gradually dry (" hog wallows "). Leaves small, 

 sessile, entire, becoming bracts above. Calyx tube and ovary 

 very long and slender, becoming twisted, the divisions of the 

 calyx linear and leaf-like. Corolla 2-lipped, the smaller lip 

 of 2 narrow, recurved, or spreading divisions ; the other broad, 

 3-lobed, deep blue, with a white or yellow center. Filaments 

 and anthers united into a curved tube. Capsule long and 

 slender, becoming l-celled, splitting along the sides but closed 

 at the top. 



a. D. el'egans Torr. Low, with ovate to lanceolate leaves, acute. 

 The smaller lip of tlie corolla of 2 lanceolate divisions; the other 3-lobed, 

 blue with a white center. Xorthern California to Washington and 

 Idaho. 



b. D. pulchella Torr. Stems 3-6 in. high. Leaves lanceolate, 

 obtuse. The smaller lip of the corolla icith 2 oblong divisions; the 

 other broad, 3-lobed, azure blue, with a large white or yellow spot in 

 the center. Through middle California to Oregon. 



COMPOSITE. Composite Family 



Flowers in a dense head, on a common receptacle, sur- 

 rounded by an involucre composed of many bracts (/. Fig. 133 ; 

 e. Fig. 110), with usually 5 stamens inserted on the corolla ; 

 the anthers united into a tube which surrounds the style 

 (/. Fig. 153 ; e. Fig. 131). Calyx with its tube adnate to the 

 ovary, the limb sometimes wanting, when present taking the 

 form of scales, bristles, etc., known as pappus. Corolla either 

 strap-shaped, 2-lipped, or tubular (/. Fig. 147 ; e. Fig. 110), in 

 the first case often 5-toothed, in the last usually 5-lobed. Style 

 2-cleft above. Fruit an akene, often provided with means of 

 transportation (/. Fig. 267; e. Figs. 174, 178, 179). The largest 

 family of flowering plants and among the most specialized for 

 insect fertilization. The genera here included belong to the 



