78 LITTORINID. 
Genus, MELANOPSIS—Ferussac. 
Shell ovate ; last whorl elongated, smooth, or longitudinally plicate ; 
spire short, acute; aperture oblong, distinctly notched in front ; inner 
lip thick, with a callus posteriorly ; outer lip simple, acute. 
M. trifasciata, Gray; Dieff., N.Z, ii., p. 263, Voyage Erebus 
and Terror, Moll., pl. 1, f. 18-22; M. zealandica, Gould, U.S. Ex. Ep., 
xil., 2. 130; Reeve, Conch. Ic., f: 2. Shell ovate, thin, dark olive ; spire 
short, conical, about 4 the length of the body whorl ; the last whorl 
with three equi-distant chestnut bands; the callosity of the inner lip 
yellow (Gray.) 
Dunedin. 
M. strangei, Reeve, Conch. Ic, f- 3. Shell somewhat globosely 
ovate, rather thick, olive ; whorls very few, slopingly ventricose, longitu- 
dinally wrinkled and malleated, partially obsoletely noduled ; aperture 
ovate, slightly effused at the lower part ; columella callous at the upper 
part, then excavated, concavely twisted at the base, but little reflected 
(Reeve. ) 
According to Reeve this has a different contour, and a less twisted 
columella than the last species. It is no doubt the same as fig. 18 of 
the Voyage of the Erebus and Terror. I have not seen it from the 
South Island. 
FAMILY—LITTORINID&.. 
Radula long ; rachis teeth broad and hooked; laterals hooked and 
oblong ; outer laterals conical, curved. Rostrum moderate, entire; eyes 
sessile on the outer side of the tentacles; no neck lobes nor lateral 
cirri; mantle with a rudimentary siphonal fold in front; gills 2, one 
very large, occupying nearly the whole surface of the branchial cavity, 
and formed of flat, free plaits ; foot with a linear duplication in front, 
and a groove along the under surface ; operculum horny, spiral, of few 
whorls. Shell spiral, turbinated or depressed ; aperture simple in front, 
never pearly within. 
Genus, LITTORINA—Ferussac. 
Eyes sessile near the outer bases of the tentacles. Shell turbinate, 
solid, of few whorls ; axis imperforate ; spire short ; aperture sub-circu- 
lar, entire ; columella lip rather flattened ; outer lip simple, acute. 
On rocks above low water mark ; semi-amphibious. 
L. cincta, Quoy, Zc, i., p. 481, pl. 33, f/ 20-21 ; Reeve, Conch. 
Ic., f- 53. Ovato-conical; spire acute; body whorl spirally striated ; 
aperture oval ; columella flattened ; bluish black, with fine spiral bluish- 
white lines ; generally covered with a brown epidermis ; interior deep 
violet ; columella dark chestnut-brown. 
Length, ‘85 ; breadth, °5 ; angle of spire, 46°. 
Abundant in the South Island, rare in the North. Chatham Islands. 
The operculum is many whorled (Tenison-Woods, P.L.S. of N.S. 
Wales, ill., p. 67.) 
