348 CHARADRIIFORMES CHAP. 
pale yellow throat, a dull green breast with silvery grey tips to 
the feathers, and a lilac band dividing this from the orange 
abdomen. The female is rather brighter green. LP. swperbus of 
the Moluccas, Papuasia and North Australia, has a purple cap, 
rufous-orange nape and sides of the neck, rich green upper 
surface, with deep blue spots on the scapulars and wings and a 
patch of the same colour at the bend of the latter, black primaries 
with yellow margins, a whitish throat, and a purple and grey breast, 
separated from the white abdomen and green and white vent by a 
broad violet-black band. The female has green upper parts, with 
blue spots on the wing-region and one.on the occiput, and a grey 
and green breast. PP. insolitus of New Ireland, New Britain, and 
the Duke of York Island, with its curious orange frontal knob, is 
green, with grey lesser wing-coverts and inner secondaries, a grey- 
tipped tail, an orange abdomen, and a yellowish vent-region. 
P. aurantiifrons of Papuasia has a yellowish-green head with 
orange forehead; a white throat; grey neck, upper breast, tip of 
the tail, and spots on the scapulars and wing-coverts ; the remain- 
ing plumage being chiefly green. P. nanus of the same districts, 
the smallest of the Sub-family, is bronzy-green with a greyish 
band on each side of the breast, a yellow vent, and a purple 
abdominal patch, lacking in the female. Phabotreron is a group 
of similar species confined to the Philippines. JP. amethystina is 
bronzy-brown with an amethystine nape and lower surface, the 
cheeks are crossed by a black hne over a white one, the throat 
is reddish, the tip of the tail grey. The lines on the cheeks 
and a rounded tail are characteristic of the genus. 
The remaining members of the Treroninae are of a greenish. 
or yellowish coloration, generally varied with patches or bands 
of dull purple, red, orange, or lilac—nearly or quite absent in 
the females, except in Vinago, where the sexes are similar. This 
genus is Ethiopian, while the others reach from India eastward to 
Japan, Formosa, and the Moluccas. Osmotreron contains a dozen 
and a half species, of which the following may serve as examples. 
O. vernans, ranging from the Malay countries to Cochin-China, 
the Philippines, and Celebes, has a greyish head and _ throat, 
vinaceous-purple neck, dull green upper parts, yellowish-green 
lower surface with an orange pectoral patch, rufescent upper and 
chestnut under tail-coverts; the wing-quills are black with yellow 
margins to the coverts, and the grey tail exhibits a black sub- 
