530 PASSERIFORMES : ARTAMIDAE CHAP. 
of grass and bark, is placed on firs or birches, and contains from 
five to seven purplish-grey or drab eggs, with spots of black, 
brown, or lilac. The 
smaller North Amer- 
ican A. cedrorwm 
lacks the yellow and 
white on the wing; 
A. phoenicoptera, of 
Japan, North China, 
and East Siberia, 
has. “reds bub. ; mets 
wax-like, tips to the 
remiges and rectrices. 
Duius dominicus, 
of San Domingo, is 
dark brown, varied 
with greenish and 
yellow, the yellowish- 
Fic. 118.—Waxwing. Aimpelis garrulus. x1. white lower surface 
(From Bird Life in Sweden.) 
shewing broad brown 
streaks. Several pairs often join their nests of twigs into a 
circular mass. Phaenoptila melanoxantha, of the Costa Rican hill- 
valleys, is glossy black, having an olive rump-band, and similarly 
coloured under parts with yellow sides and grey middle. The 
female is olive above with black crown. Phaenopepla nitens, of 
Mexico and the Southern United States, is bluish-black, with white 
on the primaries and vent-region ; 1t has an erectile occipital crest. 
The hen is dark grey, with brown abdomen and a different distri- 
bution of white. This shy, active bird has the graceful movements 
of a Flycatcher, with a habit of jerking the tail; the song is plaintive 
or whistling ; the food consists of insects and fruit. The flat nest, 
of fibres, grass, and down, contains from two to five greyish eggs, 
speckled with brownish-black and neutral tints. Ptilogenys cinereus, 
of the highlands of Central America, is plumbeous, with black re- 
miges, black and white rectrices, loose broad lavender crest-plumes, 
and yellow under tail-coverts and flanks; the female is chiefly brown. 
Fam. XV. Artamidae.—The “ Wood-Swallows ” constitute a 
group of very doubtful position, ranging from the Australian to 
the Indian Region and in one case (Pseudochelidon) to West 
Africa. In the last-named the bill is broad, but elsewhere it is 
