ASTACUS. 137 
ties are in Idaho, in the upper part of the area drained by the Lewis Fork 
of the Columbia River. There are also four small specimens collected by 
the Hayden Survey at the mouth of the Yellowstone River, which joins the 
Missouri River at the western boundary of Dakota. Besides these there 
are two young specimens in the same collection, labelled “ Willow Creek, 
Oct. 9, 1872, Dr. Curtis.’ An added ticket reads “Wyoming Terr.?” Wil- 
low Creek in Wyoming Territory flows into the South Fork of the Platte 
River, another affluent of the Missouri. The correctness of the tickets accom- 
panying the Yellowstone River specimens is at any rate unquestioned, and 
it thus appears that this species has encroached upon the territory of Cam- 
barus in the area drained by tributaries of the Missouri River. The Teton 
Basin specimens, it will be observed, come from a locality not far from the 
water-shed dividing the waters which flow into the Pacific Ocean from those 
which find their outlet in the Gulf of Mexico.* 
Girard’s types, collected by Dr. Gambel, are said to have come from Cali- 
fornia; but whether they were taken within the present limits of that State 
Ido not know. The only other specimens of A. Gambelii seen by me which 
could possibly have come from California are a few in the U. 8. National 
Museum (No. 4855), labelled, “ Found in bottle containing specimens from 
Santa Barbara, Dr. Webb.” I doubt whether these were collected at Santa 
Barbara. I have seen no authentic specimens from California. 
THE EUROPEAN ASTACI. 
In addition to the long and well known Astacus fluviatilis Auct., several 
European forms have been described and named as distinct species from 
time to time, so that there now stand on record eleven nominal species from 
within the limits of Europe, viz.: Asfacus fluviatilis Rondelet (1555), Can- 
cer torrentium Schrank (1803), A. deptodactylus Eschscholtz (1823), A. sazatilis 
Koch (1835 ?), A. ¢ristis Koch (1835), A. angulosus Rathike (1836), A. pachypus 
Rathke (1856), A. Caspius Eichwald (1838), A. dongicornis Lereboullet (1858), 
A, pallipes Lereboullet (1858), and A. fontinalis Carbonnier (1869). To these 
was added a twelfth closely allied species, A. Codchicus Kessler (1876), from 
the Rion River, south of Mount Caucasus. 
In 1846 all the Astacide described down to that date underwent a re- 
* See page 130. 
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