INTRODUCTORY. X] 



and Spotted Crake probably all still breed, though in 

 much diminished numbers. The summer visitors also 

 all breed annually, but the Pied Flycatcher, always 

 local, is now very rare. 



Among the winter visitors is placed the Crossbill, 

 which once bred regularly, and possibly still does so 

 occasionally, as are also those species which, like the 

 Dotterel, Greenshank, and Turnstone, appear on migra- 

 tion in spring and autumn, and those like the Guillemot, 

 which occur the summer through, but never remain to 

 breed. 



The occasional visitors include the Eoseate Tern, 

 which, not many years ago, was a regular summer 

 migrant, and which, though seemingly extinct, I have 

 been reluctant as yet to cut out altogether. 



The following species have been p)rocured in a wild 

 state, but most probably have been escapes from con- 

 finement : — 



Egyptian Goose, Cliciialopcc aujiipikiv\is (L.) ; shot seve- 

 ral times on the Eibble (J. B. Hodgkinson, E. J. Howard). 



Purple Gallinule, Porplii/rio c(cruli'us (Vandelli) ; one 

 shot near Grange, Se])tember 25th, 1876 {ZooL, 1877, 

 pp. 228, 382, E. T. Baldwin). 



Canada Goose, Bernida canadensis (L.) ; many speci- 

 mens seen and shot on the coast. 



Polish Swan, Ci/r/ntis inn)uitaltiUs, Yarrell ; has not 

 yet occurred wild, but Yarrell (" Brit. Birds," 3rd edit., 

 1856) says that at Knowsley a male paired with a Mute 

 Swan, and a brood was produced.* 



Mute Swan, Ci/f/Kus oloi- (Gmelin) ; common in a 

 domesticated state on many inland pools and reservoirs. 



Lately introduced species of game birds have not 

 succeeded in maintaining a foothold ; for instance : 



* [A very questionable species. — Ed.] 



